enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
当前回答
对不起,我的回答是具体到我如何在我需要做的事情中使用这篇文章。对于那些无意中遇到这个问题的人,寻找一种方法在枚举中找到一个case,这是一种方法(Swift 2新增):
编辑:小写驼峰现在是Swift 3 enum值的标准
// From apple docs: If the raw-value type is specified as String and you don’t assign values to the cases explicitly, each unassigned case is implicitly assigned a string with the same text as the name of that case.
enum Theme: String
{
case white, blue, green, lavender, grey
}
func loadTheme(theme: String)
{
// this checks the string against the raw value of each enum case (note that the check could result in a nil value, since it's an optional, which is why we introduce the if/let block
if let testTheme = Theme(rawValue: theme)
{
// testTheme is guaranteed to have an enum value at this point
self.someOtherFunction(testTheme)
}
}
对于那些对枚举感到疑惑的人来说,本页上给出的答案包括一个包含所有枚举值的数组的静态var/let是正确的。最新的苹果tvOS示例代码包含了完全相同的技术。
也就是说,他们应该在语言中构建一个更方便的机制(苹果,你在听吗?)
其他回答
与@Kametrixom的答案在这里,我相信返回一个数组将比返回AnySequence更好,因为你可以访问所有数组的好东西,如计数等。
以下是改写后的内容:
public protocol EnumCollection : Hashable {}
extension EnumCollection {
public static func allValues() -> [Self] {
typealias S = Self
let retVal = AnySequence { () -> AnyGenerator<S> in
var raw = 0
return AnyGenerator {
let current : Self = withUnsafePointer(&raw) { UnsafePointer($0).memory }
guard current.hashValue == raw else { return nil }
raw += 1
return current
}
}
return [S](retVal)
}
}
在Swift 3中,当底层枚举有rawValue时,你可以实现Strideable协议。优点是不像其他建议那样创建值数组,并且标准的Swift“for in”循环工作,这是一个很好的语法。
// "Int" to get rawValue, and Strideable so we can iterate
enum MyColorEnum: Int, Strideable {
case Red
case Green
case Blue
case Black
// required by Strideable
typealias Stride = Int
func advanced(by n:Stride) -> MyColorEnum {
var next = self.rawValue + n
if next > MyColorEnum.Black.rawValue {
next = MyColorEnum.Black.rawValue
}
return MyColorEnum(rawValue: next)!
}
func distance(to other: MyColorEnum) -> Int {
return other.rawValue - self.rawValue
}
// just for printing
func simpleDescription() -> String {
switch self {
case .Red: return "Red"
case .Green: return "Green"
case .Blue: return "Blue"
case .Black: return "Black"
}
}
}
// this is how you use it:
for i in MyColorEnum.Red ... MyColorEnum.Black {
print("ENUM: \(i)")
}
另一个解决方案:
enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
static var count: Int {
return 4
}
init(index: Int) {
switch index {
case 0: self = .spades
case 1: self = .hearts
case 2: self = .diamonds
default: self = .clubs
}
}
}
for i in 0..<Suit.count {
print(Suit(index: i).rawValue)
}
(改进Karthik Kumar的回答)
这个解决方案是使用编译器来保证你不会错过一个case。
enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
static var enumerate: [Suit] {
switch Suit.spades {
// make sure the two lines are identical ^_^
case .spades, .hearts, .diamonds, .clubs:
return [.spades, .hearts, .diamonds, .clubs]
}
}
}
这看起来像一个黑客,但如果你使用原始值,你可以这样做
enum Suit: Int {
case Spades = 0, Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs
...
}
var suitIndex = 0
while var suit = Suit.fromRaw(suitIndex++) {
...
}