enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
当前回答
对不起,我的回答是具体到我如何在我需要做的事情中使用这篇文章。对于那些无意中遇到这个问题的人,寻找一种方法在枚举中找到一个case,这是一种方法(Swift 2新增):
编辑:小写驼峰现在是Swift 3 enum值的标准
// From apple docs: If the raw-value type is specified as String and you don’t assign values to the cases explicitly, each unassigned case is implicitly assigned a string with the same text as the name of that case.
enum Theme: String
{
case white, blue, green, lavender, grey
}
func loadTheme(theme: String)
{
// this checks the string against the raw value of each enum case (note that the check could result in a nil value, since it's an optional, which is why we introduce the if/let block
if let testTheme = Theme(rawValue: theme)
{
// testTheme is guaranteed to have an enum value at this point
self.someOtherFunction(testTheme)
}
}
对于那些对枚举感到疑惑的人来说,本页上给出的答案包括一个包含所有枚举值的数组的静态var/let是正确的。最新的苹果tvOS示例代码包含了完全相同的技术。
也就是说,他们应该在语言中构建一个更方便的机制(苹果,你在听吗?)
其他回答
这看起来像一个黑客,但如果你使用原始值,你可以这样做
enum Suit: Int {
case Spades = 0, Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs
...
}
var suitIndex = 0
while var suit = Suit.fromRaw(suitIndex++) {
...
}
原则上,如果你不为enum的大小写使用原始值赋值,这样做是可能的:
enum RankEnum: Int {
case Ace
case One
case Two
}
class RankEnumGenerator: Generator {
var i = 0
typealias Element = RankEnum
func next() -> Element? {
let r = RankEnum.fromRaw(i)
i += 1
return r
}
}
extension RankEnum {
static func enumerate() -> SequenceOf<RankEnum> {
return SequenceOf<RankEnum>({ RankEnumGenerator() })
}
}
for r in RankEnum.enumerate() {
println("\(r.toRaw())")
}
Xcode 10与Swift 4.2
enum Filter: String, CaseIterable {
case salary = "Salary"
case experience = "Experience"
case technology = "Technology"
case unutilized = "Unutilized"
case unutilizedHV = "Unutilized High Value"
static let allValues = Filter.allCases.map { $0.rawValue }
}
叫它
print(Filter.allValues)
打印:
[“薪酬”、“经验”、“技术”、“未利用”、“未利用的高价值”]
旧版本
对于表示Int的enum
enum Filter: Int {
case salary
case experience
case technology
case unutilized
case unutilizedHV
static let allRawValues = salary.rawValue...unutilizedHV.rawValue // First to last case
static let allValues = allRawValues.map { Filter(rawValue: $0)!.rawValue }
}
这样叫它:
print(Filter.allValues)
打印:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
用于表示字符串的enum
enum Filter: Int {
case salary
case experience
case technology
case unutilized
case unutilizedHV
static let allRawValues = salary.rawValue...unutilizedHV.rawValue // First to last case
static let allValues = allRawValues.map { Filter(rawValue: $0)!.description }
}
extension Filter: CustomStringConvertible {
var description: String {
switch self {
case .salary: return "Salary"
case .experience: return "Experience"
case .technology: return "Technology"
case .unutilized: return "Unutilized"
case .unutilizedHV: return "Unutilized High Value"
}
}
}
叫它
print(Filter.allValues)
打印:
[“薪酬”、“经验”、“技术”、“未利用”、“未利用的高价值”]
与@Kametrixom的答案在这里,我相信返回一个数组将比返回AnySequence更好,因为你可以访问所有数组的好东西,如计数等。
以下是改写后的内容:
public protocol EnumCollection : Hashable {}
extension EnumCollection {
public static func allValues() -> [Self] {
typealias S = Self
let retVal = AnySequence { () -> AnyGenerator<S> in
var raw = 0
return AnyGenerator {
let current : Self = withUnsafePointer(&raw) { UnsafePointer($0).memory }
guard current.hashValue == raw else { return nil }
raw += 1
return current
}
}
return [S](retVal)
}
}
我创建了一个实用函数iterateEnum(),用于迭代任意枚举类型的情况。
下面是示例用法:
enum Suit: String {
case Spades = "♠"
case Hearts = "♥"
case Diamonds = "♦"
case Clubs = "♣"
}
for f in iterateEnum(Suit) {
println(f.rawValue)
}
输出:
♠
♥
♦
♣
但是,这仅用于调试或测试目的:这依赖于几个未记录的Swift1.1编译器行为,因此,使用它的风险由您自己承担。
代码如下:
func iterateEnum<T: Hashable>(_: T.Type) -> GeneratorOf<T> {
var cast: (Int -> T)!
switch sizeof(T) {
case 0: return GeneratorOf(GeneratorOfOne(unsafeBitCast((), T.self)))
case 1: cast = { unsafeBitCast(UInt8(truncatingBitPattern: $0), T.self) }
case 2: cast = { unsafeBitCast(UInt16(truncatingBitPattern: $0), T.self) }
case 4: cast = { unsafeBitCast(UInt32(truncatingBitPattern: $0), T.self) }
case 8: cast = { unsafeBitCast(UInt64($0), T.self) }
default: fatalError("cannot be here")
}
var i = 0
return GeneratorOf {
let next = cast(i)
return next.hashValue == i++ ? next : nil
}
}
其基本思想是:
枚举的内存表示,不包括有关联类型的枚举,只是一个案例的索引,当案例的计数是2…256,它和UInt8是一样的,当257…65536,它是UInt16等等。因此,它可以是unsafeBitcast对应的无符号整数类型。 枚举值的. hashvalue与case的索引相同。 从无效索引位转换的枚举值的. hashvalue为0。
为Swift2修改,并从@Kametrixom的回答中实现了选角想法:
func iterateEnum<T: Hashable>(_: T.Type) -> AnyGenerator<T> {
var i = 0
return anyGenerator {
let next = withUnsafePointer(&i) { UnsafePointer<T>($0).memory }
return next.hashValue == i++ ? next : nil
}
}
对Swift3的修订:
func iterateEnum<T: Hashable>(_: T.Type) -> AnyIterator<T> {
var i = 0
return AnyIterator {
let next = withUnsafePointer(to: &i) {
$0.withMemoryRebound(to: T.self, capacity: 1) { $0.pointee }
}
if next.hashValue != i { return nil }
i += 1
return next
}
}
针对Swift3.0.1修订:
func iterateEnum<T: Hashable>(_: T.Type) -> AnyIterator<T> {
var i = 0
return AnyIterator {
let next = withUnsafeBytes(of: &i) { $0.load(as: T.self) }
if next.hashValue != i { return nil }
i += 1
return next
}
}