enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
当前回答
这篇文章是相关的https://www.swift-studies.com/blog/2014/6/10/enumerating-enums-in-swift
基本上,提议的解决方案是
enum ProductCategory : String {
case Washers = "washers", Dryers = "dryers", Toasters = "toasters"
static let allValues = [Washers, Dryers, Toasters]
}
for category in ProductCategory.allValues{
//Do something
}
其他回答
在Swift中,枚举类型可以像EnumType一样访问。案例:
let tableView = UITableView(frame: self.view. view)UITableViewStyle.Plain)
大多数情况下,只有当您有几个选项可以使用,并且确切地知道在每个选项上要做什么时,才会使用枚举类型。
在处理枚举类型时,使用for-in结构没有太大意义。
你可以这样做,例如:
func sumNumbers(numbers : Int...) -> Int {
var sum = 0
for number in numbers{
sum += number
}
return sum
}
枚举有toRaw()和fromRaw()方法。所以如果你的原始值是Int,你可以从第一个枚举迭代到最后一个枚举:
enum Suit: Int {
case Spades = 1
case Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs
func simpleDescription() -> String {
switch self {
case .Spades:
return "spades"
case .Hearts:
return "hearts"
case .Diamonds:
return "diamonds"
case .Clubs:
return "clubs"
}
}
}
for i in Suit.Spades.toRaw()...Suit.Clubs.toRaw() {
if let covertedSuit = Suit.fromRaw(i) {
let description = covertedSuit.simpleDescription()
}
}
一个问题是在运行simpleDescription方法之前需要测试可选值,因此我们首先将convertedSuit设置为我们的值,然后将常量设置为convertedSuit.simpleDescription()
我在比特和字节中跌跌撞撞,创建了一个扩展,后来我发现它与@rintaro的答案非常相似。它是这样使用的:
enum E : EnumCollection {
case A, B, C
}
Array(E.cases()) // [A, B, C]
值得注意的是,它可以在任何没有关联值的enum上使用。注意,这对于没有大小写的枚举不起作用。
与@rintaro的答案一样,这段代码使用枚举的底层表示。这种表示没有文档化,将来可能会改变,这会破坏它。我不建议在生产中使用这种方法。
代码(Swift 2.2, Xcode 7.3.1,不工作在Xcode 10):
protocol EnumCollection : Hashable {}
extension EnumCollection {
static func cases() -> AnySequence<Self> {
typealias S = Self
return AnySequence { () -> AnyGenerator<S> in
var raw = 0
return AnyGenerator {
let current : Self = withUnsafePointer(&raw) { UnsafePointer($0).memory }
guard current.hashValue == raw else { return nil }
raw += 1
return current
}
}
}
}
代码(Swift 3, Xcode 8.1,不工作在Xcode 10):
protocol EnumCollection : Hashable {}
extension EnumCollection {
static func cases() -> AnySequence<Self> {
typealias S = Self
return AnySequence { () -> AnyIterator<S> in
var raw = 0
return AnyIterator {
let current : Self = withUnsafePointer(to: &raw) { $0.withMemoryRebound(to: S.self, capacity: 1) { $0.pointee } }
guard current.hashValue == raw else { return nil }
raw += 1
return current
}
}
}
}
我不知道为什么我需要typealias,但编译器抱怨没有它。
编辑: 快速进化提案SE-0194枚举案例派生集合为这个问题提出了一个水平的解决方案。我们在Swift 4.2和更新版本中看到了它。该提案还指出了一些变通方法,这些方法与这里已经提到的一些方法类似,但可能会很有趣。
为了完整起见,我也会保留我原来的职位。
这是基于@Peymmankh的回答的另一种方法,适用于Swift 3。
public protocol EnumCollection: Hashable {}
extension EnumCollection {
public static func allValues() -> [Self] {
typealias S = Self
let retVal = AnySequence { () -> AnyIterator<S> in
var raw = 0
return AnyIterator {
let current = withUnsafePointer(to: &raw) {
$0.withMemoryRebound(to: S.self, capacity: 1) { $0.pointee }
}
guard current.hashValue == raw else { return nil }
raw += 1
return current
}
}
return [S](retVal)
}
我发现了一种有点俗气但更安全的方法,它不需要键入两次值或引用枚举值的内存,因此不太可能损坏。
基本上,与其使用枚举,不如创建一个具有单个实例的结构体,并将所有enum-values设置为常量。然后可以使用Mirror查询变量
public struct Suit{
// the values
let spades = "♠"
let hearts = "♥"
let diamonds = "♦"
let clubs = "♣"
// make a single instance of the Suit struct, Suit.instance
struct SStruct{static var instance: Suit = Suit()}
static var instance : Suit{
get{return SStruct.instance}
set{SStruct.instance = newValue}
}
// an array with all of the raw values
static var allValues: [String]{
var values = [String]()
let mirror = Mirror(reflecting: Suit.instance)
for (_, v) in mirror.children{
guard let suit = v as? String else{continue}
values.append(suit)
}
return values
}
}
如果使用此方法,则需要使用Suit.instance.clubs或Suit.instance.spades来获取单个值
但所有这些都太无聊了……让我们做一些事情,使它更像一个真正的enum!
public struct SuitType{
// store multiple things for each suit
let spades = Suit("♠", order: 4)
let hearts = Suit("♥", order: 3)
let diamonds = Suit("♦", order: 2)
let clubs = Suit("♣", order: 1)
struct SStruct{static var instance: SuitType = SuitType()}
static var instance : SuitType{
get{return SStruct.instance}
set{SStruct.instance = newValue}
}
// a dictionary mapping the raw values to the values
static var allValuesDictionary: [String : Suit]{
var values = [String : Suit]()
let mirror = Mirror(reflecting: SuitType.instance)
for (_, v) in mirror.children{
guard let suit = v as? Suit else{continue}
values[suit.rawValue] = suit
}
return values
}
}
public struct Suit: RawRepresentable, Hashable{
public var rawValue: String
public typealias RawValue = String
public var hashValue: Int{
// find some integer that can be used to uniquely identify
// each value. In this case, we could have used the order
// variable because it is a unique value, yet to make this
// apply to more cases, the hash table address of rawValue
// will be returned, which should work in almost all cases
//
// you could also add a hashValue parameter to init() and
// give each suit a different hash value
return rawValue.hash
}
public var order: Int
public init(_ value: String, order: Int){
self.rawValue = value
self.order = order
}
// an array of all of the Suit values
static var allValues: [Suit]{
var values = [Suit]()
let mirror = Mirror(reflecting: SuitType.instance)
for (_, v) in mirror.children{
guard let suit = v as? Suit else{continue}
values.append(suit)
}
return values
}
// allows for using Suit(rawValue: "♦"), like a normal enum
public init?(rawValue: String){
// get the Suit from allValuesDictionary in SuitType, or return nil if that raw value doesn't exist
guard let suit = SuitType.allValuesDictionary[rawValue] else{return nil}
// initialize a new Suit with the same properties as that with the same raw value
self.init(suit.rawValue, order: suit.order)
}
}
你现在可以做
let allSuits: [Suit] = Suit.allValues
or
for suit in Suit.allValues{
print("The suit \(suit.rawValue) has the order \(suit.order)")
}
然而,要获得一个单一,你仍然需要使用SuitType.instance.spades或SuitType.instance.hearts。为了更加直观,您可以向Suit添加一些允许您使用Suit.type的代码。*而不是SuitType.instance.*
public struct Suit: RawRepresentable, Hashable{
// ...your code...
static var type = SuitType.instance
// ...more of your code...
}
您现在可以使用Suit.type.diamonds而不是SuitType.instance。diamonds,或者Suit.type.clubs而不是SuitType.instance.clubs