假设我有3个输入:rate、sendAmount和receiveAmount。我把这3个输入放到useEffect上。规则如下:

如果sendAmount改变了,我计算receiveAmount = sendAmount * rate 如果receiveAmount改变了,我计算sendAmount = receiveAmount / rate 如果速率发生变化,当sendAmount > 0时,我计算receiveAmount = sendAmount * rate;当receiveAmount > 0时,我计算sendAmount = receiveAmount / rate

下面是代码和框https://codesandbox.io/s/pkl6vn7x6j来演示这个问题。

是否有一种方法来比较oldValues和newValues,如componentDidUpdate,而不是为这种情况下做3处理程序?

谢谢


下面是我使用usePrevious的最终解决方案 https://codesandbox.io/s/30n01w2r06

在本例中,我不能使用多个useEffect,因为每次更改都会导致相同的网络调用。这就是为什么我还使用changeCount来跟踪更改。这个changeCount还有助于仅从本地跟踪更改,因此可以防止由于服务器更改而引起的不必要的网络调用。


当前回答

如果有人正在寻找usePrevious的TypeScript版本:

在.tsx模块中:

import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";

const usePrevious = <T extends unknown>(value: T): T | undefined => {
  const ref = useRef<T>();
  useEffect(() => {
    ref.current = value;
  });
  return ref.current;
};

或者在.ts模块中:

import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";

const usePrevious = <T>(value: T): T | undefined => {
  const ref = useRef<T>();
  useEffect(() => {
    ref.current = value;
  });
  return ref.current;
};

其他回答

您可以编写一个自定义钩子,使用useRef为您提供先前的道具

function usePrevious(value) {
  const ref = useRef();
  useEffect(() => {
    ref.current = value;
  });
  return ref.current;
}

然后在useEffect中使用它

const Component = (props) => {
    const {receiveAmount, sendAmount } = props
    const prevAmount = usePrevious({receiveAmount, sendAmount});
    useEffect(() => {
        if(prevAmount.receiveAmount !== receiveAmount) {

         // process here
        }
        if(prevAmount.sendAmount !== sendAmount) {

         // process here
        }
    }, [receiveAmount, sendAmount])
}

但是,如果您为每个想要单独处理的变更id分别使用两个useEffect,那么阅读和理解起来会更清晰,可能会更好

由于状态与功能组件中的组件实例不是紧密耦合的,因此如果不先保存之前的状态,例如使用useRef,则无法在useEffect中到达之前的状态。这也意味着状态更新可能在错误的位置被错误地实现,因为之前的状态在setState更新函数中可用。

这是useReducer的一个很好的用例,它提供了类似redux的存储,并允许实现各自的模式。状态更新是显式执行的,因此不需要确定更新的是哪个状态属性;这在已调度的行动中已经很清楚了。

下面是一个例子:

function reducer({ sendAmount, receiveAmount, rate }, action) {
  switch (action.type) {
    case "sendAmount":
      sendAmount = action.payload;
      return {
        sendAmount,
        receiveAmount: sendAmount * rate,
        rate
      };
    case "receiveAmount":
      receiveAmount = action.payload;
      return {
        sendAmount: receiveAmount / rate,
        receiveAmount,
        rate
      };
    case "rate":
      rate = action.payload;
      return {
        sendAmount: receiveAmount ? receiveAmount / rate : sendAmount,
        receiveAmount: sendAmount ? sendAmount * rate : receiveAmount,
        rate
      };
    default:
      throw new Error();
  }
}

function handleChange(e) {
  const { name, value } = e.target;
  dispatch({
    type: name,
    payload: value
  });
}

...
const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(reducer, {
  rate: 2,
  sendAmount: 0,
  receiveAmount: 0
});
...

选项1 -当值改变时运行useEffect

const Component = (props) => {

  useEffect(() => {
    console.log("val1 has changed");
  }, [val1]);

  return <div>...</div>;
};

Demo

选项2 - useHasChanged钩子

比较当前值和以前值是一种常见的模式,它证明了它自己的自定义钩子隐藏了实现细节。

const Component = (props) => {
  const hasVal1Changed = useHasChanged(val1)

  useEffect(() => {
    if (hasVal1Changed ) {
      console.log("val1 has changed");
    }
  });

  return <div>...</div>;
};

const useHasChanged= (val: any) => {
    const prevVal = usePrevious(val)
    return prevVal !== val
}

const usePrevious = (value) => {
    const ref = useRef();
    useEffect(() => {
      ref.current = value;
    });
    return ref.current;
}


Demo

如果有人正在寻找usePrevious的TypeScript版本:

在.tsx模块中:

import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";

const usePrevious = <T extends unknown>(value: T): T | undefined => {
  const ref = useRef<T>();
  useEffect(() => {
    ref.current = value;
  });
  return ref.current;
};

或者在.ts模块中:

import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";

const usePrevious = <T>(value: T): T | undefined => {
  const ref = useRef<T>();
  useEffect(() => {
    ref.current = value;
  });
  return ref.current;
};

对于真正简单的道具比较,您可以使用useEffect轻松查看道具是否已更新。

const myComponent = ({ prop }) => {
  useEffect(() => {
    ---Do stuffhere----
  }, [prop])
}

useEffect只在道具改变时才会运行代码。