我有一个Python命令行程序,需要一段时间才能完成。我想知道完成跑步所需的确切时间。
我看过timeit模块,但它似乎只适用于小代码片段。我想给整个节目计时。
我有一个Python命令行程序,需要一段时间才能完成。我想知道完成跑步所需的确切时间。
我看过timeit模块,但它似乎只适用于小代码片段。我想给整个节目计时。
当前回答
与@rogeriopvl的响应类似,我添加了一个轻微的修改,使用相同的库将长时间运行的作业转换为小时-分钟-秒。
import time
start_time = time.time()
main()
seconds = time.time() - start_time
print('Time Taken:', time.strftime("%H:%M:%S",time.gmtime(seconds)))
样本输出
Time Taken: 00:00:08
其他回答
对于函数,我建议使用我创建的这个简单的修饰符。
def timeit(method):
def timed(*args, **kwargs):
ts = time.time()
result = method(*args, **kwargs)
te = time.time()
if 'log_time' in kwargs:
name = kwargs.get('log_name', method.__name__.upper())
kwargs['log_time'][name] = int((te - ts) * 1000)
else:
print('%r %2.22f ms' % (method.__name__, (te - ts) * 1000))
return result
return timed
@timeit
def foo():
do_some_work()
# foo()
# 'foo' 0.000953 ms
根据这个答案,创建了一个简单但方便的工具。
import time
from datetime import timedelta
def start_time_measure(message=None):
if message:
print(message)
return time.monotonic()
def end_time_measure(start_time, print_prefix=None):
end_time = time.monotonic()
if print_prefix:
print(print_prefix + str(timedelta(seconds=end_time - start_time)))
return end_time
用法:
total_start_time = start_time_measure()
start_time = start_time_measure('Doing something...')
# Do something
end_time_measure(start_time, 'Done in: ')
start_time = start_time_measure('Doing something else...')
# Do something else
end_time_measure(start_time, 'Done in: ')
end_time_measure(total_start_time, 'Total time: ')
输出:
Doing something...
Done in: 0:00:01.218000
Doing something else...
Done in: 0:00:01.313000
Total time: 0:00:02.672000
如果您想以微秒为单位测量时间,那么可以使用以下版本,完全基于Paul McGuire和Nicojo的答案——这是Python 3代码。我还为它添加了一些颜色:
import atexit
from time import time
from datetime import timedelta, datetime
def seconds_to_str(elapsed=None):
if elapsed is None:
return datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")
else:
return str(timedelta(seconds=elapsed))
def log(txt, elapsed=None):
colour_cyan = '\033[36m'
colour_reset = '\033[0;0;39m'
colour_red = '\033[31m'
print('\n ' + colour_cyan + ' [TIMING]> [' + seconds_to_str() + '] ----> ' + txt + '\n' + colour_reset)
if elapsed:
print("\n " + colour_red + " [TIMING]> Elapsed time ==> " + elapsed + "\n" + colour_reset)
def end_log():
end = time()
elapsed = end-start
log("End Program", seconds_to_str(elapsed))
start = time()
atexit.register(end_log)
log("Start Program")
log()=>打印定时信息的函数。
txt==>要记录的第一个参数及其用于标记计时的字符串。
atexit==>Python模块,用于注册程序退出时可以调用的函数。
使用line_profiler。
line_profiler将描述单个代码行执行所需的时间。分析器通过Cython在C语言中实现,以减少分析开销。
from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random
def do_stuff(numbers):
s = sum(numbers)
l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()
结果将是:
Timer unit: 1e-06 s
Total time: 0.000649 s
File: <ipython-input-2-2e060b054fea>
Function: do_stuff at line 4
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
4 def do_stuff(numbers):
5 1 10 10.0 1.5 s = sum(numbers)
6 1 186 186.0 28.7 l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
7 1 453 453.0 69.8 m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
我也喜欢Paul McGuire的回答,并提出了一个更符合我需求的上下文管理器表单。
import datetime as dt
import timeit
class TimingManager(object):
"""Context Manager used with the statement 'with' to time some execution.
Example:
with TimingManager() as t:
# Code to time
"""
clock = timeit.default_timer
def __enter__(self):
"""
"""
self.start = self.clock()
self.log('\n=> Start Timing: {}')
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
"""
"""
self.endlog()
return False
def log(self, s, elapsed=None):
"""Log current time and elapsed time if present.
:param s: Text to display, use '{}' to format the text with
the current time.
:param elapsed: Elapsed time to display. Dafault: None, no display.
"""
print s.format(self._secondsToStr(self.clock()))
if(elapsed is not None):
print 'Elapsed time: {}\n'.format(elapsed)
def endlog(self):
"""Log time for the end of execution with elapsed time.
"""
self.log('=> End Timing: {}', self.now())
def now(self):
"""Return current elapsed time as hh:mm:ss string.
:return: String.
"""
return str(dt.timedelta(seconds = self.clock() - self.start))
def _secondsToStr(self, sec):
"""Convert timestamp to h:mm:ss string.
:param sec: Timestamp.
"""
return str(dt.datetime.fromtimestamp(sec))