我有一个Python命令行程序,需要一段时间才能完成。我想知道完成跑步所需的确切时间。
我看过timeit模块,但它似乎只适用于小代码片段。我想给整个节目计时。
我有一个Python命令行程序,需要一段时间才能完成。我想知道完成跑步所需的确切时间。
我看过timeit模块,但它似乎只适用于小代码片段。我想给整个节目计时。
当前回答
使用line_profiler。
line_profiler将描述单个代码行执行所需的时间。分析器通过Cython在C语言中实现,以减少分析开销。
from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random
def do_stuff(numbers):
s = sum(numbers)
l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()
结果将是:
Timer unit: 1e-06 s
Total time: 0.000649 s
File: <ipython-input-2-2e060b054fea>
Function: do_stuff at line 4
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
4 def do_stuff(numbers):
5 1 10 10.0 1.5 s = sum(numbers)
6 1 186 186.0 28.7 l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
7 1 453 453.0 69.8 m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
其他回答
对于函数,我建议使用我创建的这个简单的修饰符。
def timeit(method):
def timed(*args, **kwargs):
ts = time.time()
result = method(*args, **kwargs)
te = time.time()
if 'log_time' in kwargs:
name = kwargs.get('log_name', method.__name__.upper())
kwargs['log_time'][name] = int((te - ts) * 1000)
else:
print('%r %2.22f ms' % (method.__name__, (te - ts) * 1000))
return result
return timed
@timeit
def foo():
do_some_work()
# foo()
# 'foo' 0.000953 ms
您只需在Python中执行此操作。没有必要让它变得复杂。
import time
start = time.localtime()
end = time.localtime()
"""Total execution time in minutes$ """
print(end.tm_min - start.tm_min)
"""Total execution time in seconds$ """
print(end.tm_sec - start.tm_sec)
根据这个答案,创建了一个简单但方便的工具。
import time
from datetime import timedelta
def start_time_measure(message=None):
if message:
print(message)
return time.monotonic()
def end_time_measure(start_time, print_prefix=None):
end_time = time.monotonic()
if print_prefix:
print(print_prefix + str(timedelta(seconds=end_time - start_time)))
return end_time
用法:
total_start_time = start_time_measure()
start_time = start_time_measure('Doing something...')
# Do something
end_time_measure(start_time, 'Done in: ')
start_time = start_time_measure('Doing something else...')
# Do something else
end_time_measure(start_time, 'Done in: ')
end_time_measure(total_start_time, 'Total time: ')
输出:
Doing something...
Done in: 0:00:01.218000
Doing something else...
Done in: 0:00:01.313000
Total time: 0:00:02.672000
我使用了一个非常简单的函数来计时代码执行的一部分:
import time
def timing():
start_time = time.time()
return lambda x: print("[{:.2f}s] {}".format(time.time() - start_time, x))
要使用它,只需在代码之前调用它来度量以检索函数计时,然后在代码之后调用带有注释的函数。时间将显示在评论前面。例如:
t = timing()
train = pd.read_csv('train.csv',
dtype={
'id': str,
'vendor_id': str,
'pickup_datetime': str,
'dropoff_datetime': str,
'passenger_count': int,
'pickup_longitude': np.float64,
'pickup_latitude': np.float64,
'dropoff_longitude': np.float64,
'dropoff_latitude': np.float64,
'store_and_fwd_flag': str,
'trip_duration': int,
},
parse_dates = ['pickup_datetime', 'dropoff_datetime'],
)
t("Loaded {} rows data from 'train'".format(len(train)))
然后输出将如下所示:
[9.35s] Loaded 1458644 rows data from 'train'
我将这个timing.py模块放入我自己的站点包目录中,并在模块顶部插入导入计时:
import atexit
from time import clock
def secondsToStr(t):
return "%d:%02d:%02d.%03d" % \
reduce(lambda ll,b : divmod(ll[0],b) + ll[1:],
[(t*1000,),1000,60,60])
line = "="*40
def log(s, elapsed=None):
print line
print secondsToStr(clock()), '-', s
if elapsed:
print "Elapsed time:", elapsed
print line
print
def endlog():
end = clock()
elapsed = end-start
log("End Program", secondsToStr(elapsed))
def now():
return secondsToStr(clock())
start = clock()
atexit.register(endlog)
log("Start Program")
如果程序中有重要的阶段,我也可以在程序中调用timing.log。但仅包括导入计时就可以打印开始和结束时间,以及总运行时间。(请原谅我晦涩难懂的secondsToStr函数,它只是将浮点秒数设置为hh:mm:ss.sss格式。)
注意:上述代码的Python3版本可以在这里找到。