在c# / VB.NET/。哪个循环运行得更快，for还是foreach?
自从很久以前我读到for循环比foreach循环工作得快，我就认为它适用于所有集合、泛型集合、所有数组等。
我搜索了谷歌，找到了几篇文章，但大多数都是不确定的(阅读文章评论)，而且是开放式的。
理想的情况是列出每种情况以及最佳解决方案。
例如(这只是一个例子):
用于迭代1000+的数组 字符串- for比foreach好 对于迭代IList(非泛型)字符串- foreach更好 比
在网上找到了一些相同的参考资料:
由Emmanuel Schanzer撰写的原创文章 CodeProject FOREACH Vs. FOR 博客——去博客还是不去博客，这是个问题 ASP。NET论坛- NET 1.1 c# for vs foreach
(编辑)
除了可读性之外，我对事实和数据真的很感兴趣。在某些应用中，最后一英里的性能优化确实很重要。
当前回答
internal static void Test()
{
int LOOP_LENGTH = 10000000;
Random random = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.ToFileTime());
{
Dictionary<int, int> dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i, i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < dict.Count; k++)
{
if (dict[k] > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"Dictionary for T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
Dictionary<int, int> dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i, i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
foreach (var item in dict)
{
if (item.Value > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"Dictionary foreach T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
Dictionary<int, int> dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i, i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
foreach (var item in dict.Values)
{
if (item > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"Dictionary foreach values T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
List<int> dict = new List<int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < dict.Count; k++)
{
if (dict[k] > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"list for T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
{
List<int> dict = new List<int>();
long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
{
dict.Add(i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
{
foreach (var item in dict)
{
if (item > 1000000) Console.WriteLine("Test");
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
Console.WriteLine($"list foreach T:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t M:{last_memory - first_memory}");
GC.Collect();
}
}
T:10.1957728s M:2080的字典 字典T:10.5900586 M:1952 字典foreach值T:3.8294776s M:2088 T:3.7981471s M:320 T:4.4861377s M:648
其他回答
For有更简单的逻辑实现，所以它比foreach快。
有很好的理由选择foreach循环而不是for循环。如果你可以使用foreach循环，你的老板说你应该这样做是对的。
然而，并不是每次迭代都是简单地按顺序逐个遍历列表。如果他是禁止的，是的，那是错误的。
如果我是你，我会把你所有的for循环转化成递归。这样可以教会他，对你来说也是很好的脑力锻炼。
我提到这个细节是基于for和foreach的收集速度。
List -For循环比Foreach循环略快
ArrayList - For循环的速度比Foreach循环快2倍多。
数组-两者的速度相同。但是Foreach Loop似乎更快一些。
请记住，for循环和foreach-循环并不总是等价的。如果列表更改，列表枚举器将抛出异常，但使用普通的for循环并不总是会得到该警告。如果列表在错误的时间更改，甚至可能会得到不同的异常。
Jeffrey Richter在techhed 2005上说:
"I have come to learn over the years the C# compiler is basically a liar to me." .. "It lies about many things." .. "Like when you do a foreach loop..." .. "...that is one little line of code that you write, but what the C# compiler spits out in order to do that it's phenomenal. It puts out a try/finally block in there, inside the finally block it casts your variable to an IDisposable interface, and if the cast suceeds it calls the Dispose method on it, inside the loop it calls the Current property and the MoveNext method repeatedly inside the loop, objects are being created underneath the covers. A lot of people use foreach because it's very easy coding, very easy to do.." .. "foreach is not very good in terms of performance, if you iterated over a collection instead by using square bracket notation, just doing index, that's just much faster, and it doesn't create any objects on the heap..."
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