如何计算两个GPS坐标之间的距离(使用经纬度)?
当前回答
这是“Henry Vilinskiy”为MySQL和km改编的版本:
CREATE FUNCTION `CalculateDistanceInKm`(
fromLatitude float,
fromLongitude float,
toLatitude float,
toLongitude float
) RETURNS float
BEGIN
declare distance float;
select
6367 * ACOS(
round(
COS(RADIANS(90-fromLatitude)) *
COS(RADIANS(90-toLatitude)) +
SIN(RADIANS(90-fromLatitude)) *
SIN(RADIANS(90-toLatitude)) *
COS(RADIANS(fromLongitude-toLongitude))
,15)
)
into distance;
return round(distance,3);
END;
其他回答
我猜你想让它沿着地球的曲率运动。你的两点和地心在一个平面上。地球的中心是这个平面上的圆心,这两个点(大致)在这个圆的周长上。由此你可以通过求一点到另一点的角度来计算距离。
如果点的高度不一样,或者如果你需要考虑地球不是一个完美的球体,这就有点困难了。
PHP版本:
(删除所有deg2rad()如果您的坐标已经是弧度。)
$R = 6371; // km
$dLat = deg2rad($lat2-$lat1);
$dLon = deg2rad($lon2-$lon1);
$lat1 = deg2rad($lat1);
$lat2 = deg2rad($lat2);
$a = sin($dLat/2) * sin($dLat/2) +
sin($dLon/2) * sin($dLon/2) * cos($lat1) * cos($lat2);
$c = 2 * atan2(sqrt($a), sqrt(1-$a));
$d = $R * $c;
这段Lua代码改编自维基百科和Robert Lipe的GPSbabel工具:
local EARTH_RAD = 6378137.0
-- earth's radius in meters (official geoid datum, not 20,000km / pi)
local radmiles = EARTH_RAD*100.0/2.54/12.0/5280.0;
-- earth's radius in miles
local multipliers = {
radians = 1, miles = radmiles, mi = radmiles, feet = radmiles * 5280,
meters = EARTH_RAD, m = EARTH_RAD, km = EARTH_RAD / 1000,
degrees = 360 / (2 * math.pi), min = 60 * 360 / (2 * math.pi)
}
function gcdist(pt1, pt2, units) -- return distance in radians or given units
--- this formula works best for points close together or antipodal
--- rounding error strikes when distance is one-quarter Earth's circumference
--- (ref: wikipedia Great-circle distance)
if not pt1.radians then pt1 = rad(pt1) end
if not pt2.radians then pt2 = rad(pt2) end
local sdlat = sin((pt1.lat - pt2.lat) / 2.0);
local sdlon = sin((pt1.lon - pt2.lon) / 2.0);
local res = sqrt(sdlat * sdlat + cos(pt1.lat) * cos(pt2.lat) * sdlon * sdlon);
res = res > 1 and 1 or res < -1 and -1 or res
res = 2 * asin(res);
if units then return res * assert(multipliers[units])
else return res
end
end
这取决于你需要它有多准确。如果你需要精确到毫米的精度,最好看看使用椭球的算法,而不是球体,比如Vincenty的算法。
在Python中,你可以使用geopy库使用WGS84椭球来计算测地线距离:
from geopy.distance import geodesic
newport_ri = (41.49008, -71.312796)
cleveland_oh = (41.499498, -81.695391)
print(geodesic(newport_ri, cleveland_oh).km)