从另一个线程更新标签的最简单方法是什么?

我在thread1上运行了一个Form,然后我开始另一个线程(thread2)。当thread2处理一些文件时,我想用thread2工作的当前状态更新表单上的标签。

我怎么能这样做?


当前回答

这是Ian Kemp解决方案的C#3.0变体:

public static void SetPropertyInGuiThread<C,V>(this C control, Expression<Func<C, V>> property, V value) where C : Control
{
    var memberExpression = property.Body as MemberExpression;
    if (memberExpression == null)
        throw new ArgumentException("The 'property' expression must specify a property on the control.");

    var propertyInfo = memberExpression.Member as PropertyInfo;
    if (propertyInfo == null)
        throw new ArgumentException("The 'property' expression must specify a property on the control.");

    if (control.InvokeRequired)
        control.Invoke(
            (Action<C, Expression<Func<C, V>>, V>)SetPropertyInGuiThread,
            new object[] { control, property, value }
        );
    else
        propertyInfo.SetValue(control, value, null);
}

你这样称呼它:

myButton.SetPropertyInGuiThread(b => b.Text, "Click Me!")

它将空检查添加到“as MemberExpression”的结果中。它提高了静态类型的安全性。

否则,原始版本是一个非常好的解决方案。

其他回答

您需要在GUI线程上调用该方法。您可以通过调用Control.Invoke来实现这一点。

例如:

delegate void UpdateLabelDelegate (string message);

void UpdateLabel (string message)
{
    if (InvokeRequired)
    {
         Invoke (new UpdateLabelDelegate (UpdateLabel), message);
         return;
    }

    MyLabelControl.Text = message;
}

我想添加一个警告,因为我注意到一些简单的解决方案忽略了InvokeRequired检查。

我注意到,如果您的代码在创建控件的窗口句柄之前(例如,在显示表单之前)执行,Invoke会抛出异常。因此,我建议在调用Invoke或BeginInvoke之前始终检查InvokeRequired。

这一解决方案类似于上面使用.NET Framework 3.0的解决方案,但它解决了编译时安全支持的问题。

public  static class ControlExtension
{
    delegate void SetPropertyValueHandler<TResult>(Control souce, Expression<Func<Control, TResult>> selector, TResult value);

    public static void SetPropertyValue<TResult>(this Control source, Expression<Func<Control, TResult>> selector, TResult value)
    {
        if (source.InvokeRequired)
        {
            var del = new SetPropertyValueHandler<TResult>(SetPropertyValue);
            source.Invoke(del, new object[]{ source, selector, value});
        }
        else
        {
            var propInfo = ((MemberExpression)selector.Body).Member as PropertyInfo;
            propInfo.SetValue(source, value, null);
        }
    }
}

要使用:

this.lblTimeDisplay.SetPropertyValue(a => a.Text, "some string");
this.lblTimeDisplay.SetPropertyValue(a => a.Visible, false);

如果用户传递错误的数据类型,编译器将失败。

this.lblTimeDisplay.SetPropertyValue(a => a.Visible, "sometext");

这是Ian Kemp解决方案的C#3.0变体:

public static void SetPropertyInGuiThread<C,V>(this C control, Expression<Func<C, V>> property, V value) where C : Control
{
    var memberExpression = property.Body as MemberExpression;
    if (memberExpression == null)
        throw new ArgumentException("The 'property' expression must specify a property on the control.");

    var propertyInfo = memberExpression.Member as PropertyInfo;
    if (propertyInfo == null)
        throw new ArgumentException("The 'property' expression must specify a property on the control.");

    if (control.InvokeRequired)
        control.Invoke(
            (Action<C, Expression<Func<C, V>>, V>)SetPropertyInGuiThread,
            new object[] { control, property, value }
        );
    else
        propertyInfo.SetValue(control, value, null);
}

你这样称呼它:

myButton.SetPropertyInGuiThread(b => b.Text, "Click Me!")

它将空检查添加到“as MemberExpression”的结果中。它提高了静态类型的安全性。

否则,原始版本是一个非常好的解决方案。

这是一个古老问题的新视角,使用了更实用的风格。如果您在所有项目中都保留TaskXM类,那么只有一行代码不再担心跨线程更新。

public class Example
{
    /// <summary>
    /// No more delegates, background workers, etc. Just one line of code as shown below.
    /// Note it is dependent on the Task Extension method shown next.
    /// </summary>
    public async void Method1()
    {
        // Still on the GUI thread here if the method was called from the GUI thread
        // This code below calls the extension method which spins up a new task and calls back.
        await TaskXM.RunCodeAsync(() =>
        {
            // Running an asynchronous task here
            // Cannot update the GUI thread here, but can do lots of work
        });
        // Can update GUI on this line
    }
}


/// <summary>
/// A class containing extension methods for the Task class
/// </summary>
public static class TaskXM
{
    /// <summary>
    /// RunCodeAsyc is an extension method that encapsulates the Task.run using a callback
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="Code">The caller is called back on the new Task (on a different thread)</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public async static Task RunCodeAsync(Action Code)
    {
        await Task.Run(() =>
        {
            Code();
        });
        return;
    }
}