IBM有更多关于如何使用它的文档。简单地说，您使用指针作为类的偏移量。你不能在它们所指向的类之外使用这些指针，所以:

  int Car::*pSpeed = &Car::speed;
  Car mycar;
  mycar.*pSpeed = 65;

It seems a little obscure, but one possible application is if you're trying to write code for deserializing generic data into many different object types, and your code needs to handle object types that it knows absolutely nothing about (for example, your code is in a library, and the objects into which you deserialize were created by a user of your library). The member pointers give you a generic, semi-legible way of referring to the individual data member offsets, without having to resort to typeless void * tricks the way you might for C structs.

它使得以统一的方式绑定成员变量和函数成为可能。下面是Car类的示例。更常见的用法是绑定std::pair::first和::second，当在STL算法和Boost上使用时。

#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <boost/lambda/lambda.hpp>
#include <boost/lambda/bind.hpp>


class Car {
public:
    Car(int s): speed(s) {}
    void drive() {
        std::cout << "Driving at " << speed << " km/h" << std::endl;
    }
    int speed;
};

int main() {

    using namespace std;
    using namespace boost::lambda;

    list<Car> l;
    l.push_back(Car(10));
    l.push_back(Car(140));
    l.push_back(Car(130));
    l.push_back(Car(60));

    // Speeding cars
    list<Car> s;

    // Binding a value to a member variable.
    // Find all cars with speed over 60 km/h.
    remove_copy_if(l.begin(), l.end(),
                   back_inserter(s),
                   bind(&Car::speed, _1) <= 60);

    // Binding a value to a member function.
    // Call a function on each car.
    for_each(s.begin(), s.end(), bind(&Car::drive, _1));

    return 0;
}

它是一个“指向成员的指针”——下面的代码说明了它的用法:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Car
{
    public:
    int speed;
};

int main()
{
    int Car::*pSpeed = &Car::speed;

    Car c1;
    c1.speed = 1;       // direct access
    cout << "speed is " << c1.speed << endl;
    c1.*pSpeed = 2;     // access via pointer to member
    cout << "speed is " << c1.speed << endl;
    return 0;
}

至于你为什么要这样做，它给了你另一种间接的层次，可以解决一些棘手的问题。但说实话，我从未在自己的代码中使用过它们。

编辑:我想不出一个令人信服的使用指针成员数据。指向成员函数的指针可以在可插拔的体系结构中使用，但是在这么小的空间里生成一个例子再次让我感到挫败。以下是我最好的(未经测试)尝试-一个Apply函数，在应用用户选择的成员函数到对象之前，会做一些前后处理:

void Apply( SomeClass * c, void (SomeClass::*func)() ) {
    // do hefty pre-call processing
    (c->*func)();  // call user specified function
    // do hefty post-call processing
}

c->*func周围的括号是必要的，因为->*操作符的优先级低于函数调用操作符。

假设你有一个结构。在那个结构里面 *某种名字 *两个相同类型但含义不同的变量

struct foo {
    std::string a;
    std::string b;
};

好的，现在假设你在一个容器里有一堆foo:

// key: some sort of name, value: a foo instance
std::map<std::string, foo> container;

好吧，现在假设您从不同的源加载数据，但是数据以相同的方式呈现(例如，您需要相同的解析方法)。

你可以这样做:

void readDataFromText(std::istream & input, std::map<std::string, foo> & container, std::string foo::*storage) {
    std::string line, name, value;

    // while lines are successfully retrieved
    while (std::getline(input, line)) {
        std::stringstream linestr(line);
        if ( line.empty() ) {
            continue;
        }

        // retrieve name and value
        linestr >> name >> value;

        // store value into correct storage, whichever one is correct
        container[name].*storage = value;
    }
}

std::map<std::string, foo> readValues() {
    std::map<std::string, foo> foos;

    std::ifstream a("input-a");
    readDataFromText(a, foos, &foo::a);
    std::ifstream b("input-b");
    readDataFromText(b, foos, &foo::b);
    return foos;
}

此时，调用readValues()将返回一个“input-a”和“input-b”一致的容器;所有的键都将出现，带有a或b或两者都有的foo。

下面是一个例子，其中指向数据成员的指针可能很有用:

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <string>

template <typename Container, typename T, typename DataPtr>
typename Container::value_type searchByDataMember (const Container& container, const T& t, DataPtr ptr) {
    for (const typename Container::value_type& x : container) {
        if (x->*ptr == t)
            return x;
    }
    return typename Container::value_type{};
}

struct Object {
    int ID, value;
    std::string name;
    Object (int i, int v, const std::string& n) : ID(i), value(v), name(n) {}
};

std::list<Object*> objects { new Object(5,6,"Sam"), new Object(11,7,"Mark"), new Object(9,12,"Rob"),
    new Object(2,11,"Tom"), new Object(15,16,"John") };

int main() {
    const Object* object = searchByDataMember (objects, 11, &Object::value);
    std::cout << object->name << '\n';  // Tom
}

这是我能想到的最简单的例子，它传达了这个特性很少相关的情况:

#include <iostream>

class bowl {
public:
    int apples;
    int oranges;
};

int count_fruit(bowl * begin, bowl * end, int bowl::*fruit)
{
    int count = 0;
    for (bowl * iterator = begin; iterator != end; ++ iterator)
        count += iterator->*fruit;
    return count;
}

int main()
{
    bowl bowls[2] = {
        { 1, 2 },
        { 3, 5 }
    };
    std::cout << "I have " << count_fruit(bowls, bowls + 2, & bowl::apples) << " apples\n";
    std::cout << "I have " << count_fruit(bowls, bowls + 2, & bowl::oranges) << " oranges\n";
    return 0;
}

这里需要注意的是传递给count_fruit的指针。这样就不必单独编写count_apples和count_oranges函数。