比较两个双精度浮点数或两个浮点数最有效的方法是什么?
简单地这样做是不正确的:
bool CompareDoubles1 (double A, double B)
{
return A == B;
}
比如:
bool CompareDoubles2 (double A, double B)
{
diff = A - B;
return (diff < EPSILON) && (-diff < EPSILON);
}
似乎是浪费加工。
有人知道更聪明的浮点比较器吗?
正如其他人所指出的那样,使用固定指数(例如0.0000001)对于远离该值的值是无用的。例如,如果你的两个值是10000.000977和10000,那么这两个数字之间没有32位浮点值——10000和10000.000977是你可能得到的最接近的值,而不是位对位相同。这里,小于0.0009是没有意义的;你也可以使用直接等式运算符。
同样地,当两个值的大小接近ε时,相对误差增长到100%。
Thus, trying to mix a fixed point number such as 0.00001 with floating-point values (where the exponent is arbitrary) is a pointless exercise. This will only ever work if you can be assured that the operand values lie within a narrow domain (that is, close to some specific exponent), and if you properly select an epsilon value for that specific test. If you pull a number out of the air ("Hey! 0.00001 is small, so that must be good!"), you're doomed to numerical errors. I've spent plenty of time debugging bad numerical code where some poor schmuck tosses in random epsilon values to make yet another test case work.
如果你从事任何类型的数值编程,并认为你需要达到定点的epsilon,请阅读BRUCE关于比较浮点数的文章。
浮点数比较