另一个解决方案是使用keyboardWillHide和keyboardWillShow通知，就像我做的那样。

首先，您需要分别处理viewWillAppear和viewWillAppear方法中的侦听和取消侦听通知(以处理内存泄漏)。

override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillAppear(animated)
    setupKeyboardNotificationListeners(enable: true)
}

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillDisappear(animated)
    setupKeyboardNotificationListeners(enable: false)
}

然后是处理监听/取消监听通知的方法:

private func setupKeyboardNotificationListeners(enable: Bool) {
        if enable {
            NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(self.keyboardWillShow), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillShow, object: nil)
            NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(self.keyboardWillHide), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillHide, object: nil)
        } else {
            NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self)
        }
    }

然后在keyboardWillHide和keyboardWillShow的两个方法中，你处理文本的占位符和颜色变化。

@objc func keyboardWillShow(notification: NSNotification) {
    if self.textView.text == self.placeholder {
        self.textView.text = ""
        self.textView.textColor = .black
    }
}

@objc func keyboardWillHide(notification: NSNotification) {
    if self.textView.text.isEmpty {
        self.textView.text = self.placeholder
        self.textView.textColor = .lightGrey
    }
}

我发现这个解决方案是目前为止最好的，因为文本会在键盘出现时立即删除，而不是在用户开始输入时删除，这可能会导致混乱。

没有这样的属性在ios添加占位符直接在TextView，而你可以添加一个标签和显示/隐藏在TextView的变化。SWIFT 2.0，确保实现textviewdelegate

func textViewDidChange(TextView: UITextView)
{

 if  txtShortDescription.text == ""
    {
        self.lblShortDescription.hidden = false
    }
    else
    {
        self.lblShortDescription.hidden = true
    }

}

迅速:

添加你的TextView @IBOutlet:

@IBOutlet weak var txtViewMessage: UITextView!

在viewWillAppear方法中，添加以下内容:

override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillAppear(animated)

    txtViewMessage.delegate = self    // Give TextViewMessage delegate Method
    
    txtViewMessage.text = "Place Holder Name"
    txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
}

请添加委托使用扩展(UITextViewDelegate):

// MARK: - UITextViewDelegate
extension ViewController: UITextViewDelegate {

    func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {

        if !txtViewMessage.text!.isEmpty && txtViewMessage.text! == "Place Holder Name" {
            txtViewMessage.text = ""
            txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.black
        }
    }

    func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
    
        if txtViewMessage.text.isEmpty {
            txtViewMessage.text = "Place Holder Name"
            txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        }
    }
}

迅速:

以编程方式或通过Interface Builder添加你的文本视图，如果是最后一个，创建outlet:

@IBOutlet weak var yourTextView: UITextView!

请添加委托(UITextViewDelegate):

class ViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {

在viewDidLoad方法中，添加如下内容:

override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

    yourTextView.delegate = self
    yourTextView.text = "Placeholder text goes right here..."
    yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray

现在让我来介绍一下神奇的部分，添加这个函数:

func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {

    if yourTextView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
        yourTextView.text = ""
        yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.black
    }
}

请注意，这将在编辑开始时执行，在那里我们将检查条件来告知状态，使用color属性。 设置文本为nil我不建议。在此之后，我们将文本颜色设置为所需的颜色，在本例中为黑色。

现在也添加这个函数:

func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {

    if yourTextView.text == "" {

        yourTextView.text = "Placeholder text ..."
        yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
    }
}

让我坚持一下，不要与零进行比较，我已经试过了，它不会起作用。然后我们将值设置回占位符样式，并将颜色设置回占位符颜色，因为这是在textViewDidBeginEditing中检查的条件。

这就是我所做的。倾向于代码清晰和简单。我需要添加一个textView，将获得一些额外的笔记在我的应用程序。这额外的笔记可以创建或保存后修改。见下文。HTH。：）

class NotesTextView: UITextView {

    var placeholder = "" {
        didSet {
            showPlaceholder()
        }
    }
    
    // if the text is the placeholder, then assign a color fitting for a
    // placeholder text, else, assign it your color of choice.
    override var text: String! {
        didSet {
            textColor = text == placeholder ? .tertiaryLabel : .systemBlue
        }
    }
    
    
    override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
        super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
        
        delegate = self
        //config your font and translateAutoResizingMaskIntoConstraints here
    }
    
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }
    
    private func showPlaceholder() {
        text = placeholder
    }
    
    private func hidePlaceholder() {
        text = ""
    }
}

extension NotesTextView: UITextViewDelegate {
    func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
        if text == placeholder {
            hidePlaceholder()
        }
    }
    
    func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
        if text.isEmpty {
            showPlaceholder()
        }
    }
}

我喜欢@nerdist的解决方案。在此基础上，我创建了UITextView的扩展:

import Foundation
import UIKit

extension UITextView
{
  private func add(_ placeholder: UILabel) {
    for view in self.subviews {
        if let lbl = view as? UILabel  {
            if lbl.text == placeholder.text {
                lbl.removeFromSuperview()
            }
        }
    }
    self.addSubview(placeholder)
  }

  func addPlaceholder(_ placeholder: UILabel?) {
    if let ph = placeholder {
      ph.numberOfLines = 0  // support for multiple lines
      ph.font = UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (self.font?.pointSize)!)
      ph.sizeToFit()
      self.add(ph)
      ph.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (self.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
      ph.textColor = UIColor(white: 0, alpha: 0.3)
      updateVisibility(ph)
    }
  }

  func updateVisibility(_ placeHolder: UILabel?) {
    if let ph = placeHolder {
      ph.isHidden = !self.text.isEmpty
    }
  }
}

例如，在ViewController类中，我是这样使用它的:

class MyViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {
  private var notePlaceholder: UILabel!
  @IBOutlet weak var txtNote: UITextView!
  ...
  // UIViewController
  override func viewDidLoad() {
    notePlaceholder = UILabel()
    notePlaceholder.text = "title\nsubtitle\nmore..."
    txtNote.addPlaceholder(notePlaceholder)
    ...
  }

  // UITextViewDelegate
  func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
    txtNote.updateVisbility(notePlaceholder)
    ...
  }

UITextview的占位符!

更新:

如果你在代码中改变textview的文本，记得调用updateVisibitly方法来隐藏占位符:

txtNote.text = "something in code"
txtNote.updateVisibility(self.notePlaceholder) // hide placeholder if text is not empty.

为了防止占位符被添加多次，在扩展中添加了一个私有add()函数。