React钩子引入了useState来设置组件状态。但是我如何使用钩子来替换下面的回调代码:

setState(
  { name: "Michael" },
  () => console.log(this.state)
);

我想在状态更新后做一些事情。

我知道我可以使用useEffect来做额外的事情,但我必须检查之前的状态值,这需要位代码。我正在寻找一个简单的解决方案,可以使用useState挂钩。


当前回答

我不认为用useRef区分挂载与否是一个好方法,不是一个更好的方法来确定useState()在useEffect()中生成的值是否为初始值?

const [val, setVal] = useState(null)

useEffect(() => {
  if (val === null) return
  console.log('not mounted, val updated', val)
}, [val])

其他回答

你的问题很有道理。让我告诉您,useEffect在默认情况下运行一次,并在每次依赖数组更改之后运行一次。

请看下面的例子:

import React,{ useEffect, useState } from "react";

const App = () => {
  const [age, setAge] = useState(0);
  const [ageFlag, setAgeFlag] = useState(false);

  const updateAge = ()=>{
    setAgeFlag(false);
    setAge(age+1);
    setAgeFlag(true);
  };

  useEffect(() => {
    if(!ageFlag){
      console.log('effect called without change - by default');
    }
    else{
      console.log('effect called with change ');
    }
  }, [ageFlag,age]);

  return (
    <form>
      <h2>hooks demo effect.....</h2>
      {age}
      <button onClick={updateAge}>Text</button>
    </form>
  );
}

export default App;

如果你想要setState回调与钩子一起执行,那么使用标志变量并在useEffect中给出If ELSE OR If块,以便当条件满足时,只执行该代码块。无论如何,当依赖项数组改变时,效果会运行,但效果中的IF代码只会在特定的条件下执行。

如果你想要更新之前的状态,那么你可以在hooks中这样做:

const [count, setCount] = useState(0);


setCount(previousCount => previousCount + 1);

我不认为用useRef区分挂载与否是一个好方法,不是一个更好的方法来确定useState()在useEffect()中生成的值是否为初始值?

const [val, setVal] = useState(null)

useEffect(() => {
  if (val === null) return
  console.log('not mounted, val updated', val)
}, [val])

您需要使用useEffect钩子来实现这一点。

const [counter, setCounter] = useState(0);

const doSomething = () => {
  setCounter(123);
}

useEffect(() => {
   console.log('Do something after counter has changed', counter);
}, [counter]);

如果你想在第一次初始渲染时忽略useEffect回调,那么相应地修改代码:

import React, { useEffect, useRef } from 'react';

const [counter, setCounter] = useState(0);
const didMount = useRef(false);

const doSomething = () => {
  setCounter(123);
}

useEffect(() => {
  // Return early, if this is the first render:
  if ( !didMount.current ) {
    return didMount.current = true;
  }
  // Paste code to be executed on subsequent renders:
  console.log('Do something after counter has changed', counter);
}, [counter]);

我写了自定义挂钩与typescript,如果有人还需要它。

import React, { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";

export const useStateWithCallback = <T>(initialState: T): [state: T, setState: (updatedState: React.SetStateAction<T>, callback?: (updatedState: T) => void) => void] => {
    const [state, setState] = useState<T>(initialState);
    const callbackRef = useRef<(updated: T) => void>();

    const handleSetState = (updatedState: React.SetStateAction<T>, callback?: (updatedState: T) => void) => {
        callbackRef.current = callback;
        setState(updatedState);
    };

    useEffect(() => {
        if (typeof callbackRef.current === "function") {
            callbackRef.current(state);
            callbackRef.current = undefined;
        }
    }, [state]);

    return [state, handleSetState];
}