我仍然不确定确切的“(2/R2)×r”，但显而易见的是，在给定的单位“dr”中需要分配的点的数量，即r的增加将与R2成正比，而不是r。

check this way...number of points at some angle theta and between r (0.1r to 0.2r) i.e. fraction of the r and number of points between r (0.6r to 0.7r) would be equal if you use standard generation, since the difference is only 0.1r between two intervals. but since area covered between points (0.6r to 0.7r) will be much larger than area covered between 0.1r to 0.2r, the equal number of points will be sparsely spaced in larger area, this I assume you already know, So the function to generate the random points must not be linear but quadratic, (since number of points required to be distributed in given unit 'dr' i.e. increase in r will be proportional to r2 and not r), so in this case it will be inverse of quadratic, since the delta we have (0.1r) in both intervals must be square of some function so it can act as seed value for linear generation of points (since afterwords, this seed is used linearly in sin and cos function), so we know, dr must be quadratic value and to make this seed quadratic, we need to originate this values from square root of r not r itself, I hope this makes it little more clear.

半径和“靠近”该半径的点的数量之间存在线性关系，因此他需要使用半径分布，这也使得半径r附近的数据点的数量与r成正比。

你也可以用你的直觉。

圆的面积是*r^2

为r = 1

得到的面积是。让我们假设我们有某种函数f，它将N=10个点均匀分布在一个圆内。这个比值是10 /

现在我们把面积和点数翻倍

对于r=2和N=20

面积是4，比值是20/4或10/2。半径越大，比值就越小，因为它的增长是二次的，N是线性的。

为了解决这个问题，我们可以说

x = r^2
sqrt(x) = r

如果在极坐标下生成一个向量

length = random_0_1();
angle = random_0_2pi();

更多的点会落在中心周围。

length = sqrt(random_0_1());
angle = random_0_2pi();

长度不再是均匀分布的，但是向量现在是均匀分布的。

这取决于你对"均匀随机"的定义。这是一个微妙的点，你可以在这里的wiki页面上阅读更多关于它的内容:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_paradox_%28probability%29，在这里同样的问题，对“均匀随机”给出不同的解释会给出不同的答案!

根据你如何选择这些点，分布可能会有所不同，即使它们在某种意义上是均匀随机的。

It seems like the blog entry is trying to make it uniformly random in the following sense: If you take a sub-circle of the circle, with the same center, then the probability that the point falls in that region is proportional to the area of the region. That, I believe, is attempting to follow the now standard interpretation of 'uniformly random' for 2D regions with areas defined on them: probability of a point falling in any region (with area well defined) is proportional to the area of that region.

我仍然不确定确切的“(2/R2)×r”，但显而易见的是，在给定的单位“dr”中需要分配的点的数量，即r的增加将与R2成正比，而不是r。

check this way...number of points at some angle theta and between r (0.1r to 0.2r) i.e. fraction of the r and number of points between r (0.6r to 0.7r) would be equal if you use standard generation, since the difference is only 0.1r between two intervals. but since area covered between points (0.6r to 0.7r) will be much larger than area covered between 0.1r to 0.2r, the equal number of points will be sparsely spaced in larger area, this I assume you already know, So the function to generate the random points must not be linear but quadratic, (since number of points required to be distributed in given unit 'dr' i.e. increase in r will be proportional to r2 and not r), so in this case it will be inverse of quadratic, since the delta we have (0.1r) in both intervals must be square of some function so it can act as seed value for linear generation of points (since afterwords, this seed is used linearly in sin and cos function), so we know, dr must be quadratic value and to make this seed quadratic, we need to originate this values from square root of r not r itself, I hope this makes it little more clear.

我认为在这种情况下，使用极坐标是一种使问题复杂化的方法，如果你在一个边长为2R的正方形中随机选择点，然后选择点(x,y)使x^2+y^2<=R^2，这将会容易得多。