Duff的C语言设备!

在C语言中，可以将do/while语句与switch语句交错使用。下面是memcpy使用此方法的示例:

void duff_memcpy( char* to, char* from, size_t count ) {
    size_t n = (count+7)/8;
    switch( count%8 ) {
    case 0: do{ *to++ = *from++;
    case 7:     *to++ = *from++;
    case 6:     *to++ = *from++;
    case 5:     *to++ = *from++;
    case 4:     *to++ = *from++;
    case 3:     *to++ = *from++;
    case 2:     *to++ = *from++;
    case 1:     *to++ = *from++;
            }while(--n>0);
    }
}

PHP

PHP对实例变量和方法的重载处理不一致。考虑:

class Foo
{
    private $var = 'avalue';

    private function doStuff()
    {
        return "Stuff";
    }

    public function __get($var)
    {
        return $this->$var;
    }

    public function __call($func, array $args = array())
    {
        return call_user_func_array(array($this, $func), $args);
    }
}

$foo = new Foo;
var_dump($foo->var);
var_dump($foo->doStuff());

转储$var是有效的。即使$var是私有的，__get()也会被任何不存在或不可访问的成员调用，并返回正确的值。这不是doStuff()的情况，它失败于:

Fatal error: Call to private method Foo::doStuff() from context ”.”

我认为其中很多都是在c风格的语言中工作的，但我不确定。

Pass a here document as a function argument: function foo($message) { echo $message . "\n"; } foo(<<<EOF Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc blandit sem eleifend libero rhoncus iaculis. Nullam eget nisi at purus vestibulum tristique eu sit amet lorem. EOF ); You can assign a variable in an argument list. foo($message = "Hello"); echo $message; This works because an assignment is an expression which returns the assigned value. It’s the cause of one of the most common C-style bugs, performing an assignment instead of a comparison.

Python

在Python中，可变的默认函数参数会导致意想不到的结果:

def append(thing, collection=[]):
    collection.append(thing)
    return collection

print append("foo")
# -> ['foo']
print append("bar")
# -> ['foo', 'bar']
print append("baz", [])
# -> ['baz']
print append("quux")
# -> ['foo', 'bar', 'quux']

空列表是在函数定义时初始化的，而不是在调用时初始化的，因此对它的任何更改都会在函数调用之间保持不变。

MySQL的大小写敏感性

MySQL有非常不寻常的区分大小写的规则:表区分大小写，列名和字符串值不区分大小写:

mysql> CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE Foo (name varchar(128) NOT NULL);
DESCRIBE foo;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'foo' doesn't exist
mysql> DESCRIBE Foo;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name  | varchar(128) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO Foo (`name`) VALUES ('bar'), ('baz');
Query OK, 2 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE name = 'BAR';
+------+
| name |
+------+
| bar  |
+------+
1 row in set (0.12 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE name = 'bAr';
+------+
| name |
+------+
| bar  |
+------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)

我肯定会给Perl提供多个可怕的例子:

if(!$#var)

or

if($mystring =~ m/(\d+)/) {

Perl的sub没有真正的参数列表，只有@_数组。同时，sub会自动变平传入的参数。

我不明白为什么这是一个持久的功能;这反映了几年前我不得不在TI-86 BASIC上做的事情，因为这门语言没有足够的特色。

A very tiny thing that annoyed me in COBOL was that there was no dedicated modulo operation. Instead you could do a division specifying that you only wanted whole number results and store the rest in a different variable. Since COBOL is very sensitive when it comes to variables that means that you ended up with a variable you didn't really need, i.e. the actual result of the division. This is the story of how I once named a variable "USELESS" - that was the most appropriate name I could think of.

特点:Bash, Korn shell (ksh93)和Z shell都允许使用带或不带美元符号的变量下标数组:

array[index]=$value
array[$index]=$value

加上美元符号，会得到10000的期望值:

unset array
for i in {1..10000}
do
    ((array[$RANDOM%6+1]++))
done
unset total
for count in ${array[@]}
do
    ((total += count))
done
echo $total

陌陌性:如果你从RANDOM中移除美元符号，总数将随机变化，甚至大于10000。

类似地，这将产生3而不是2:

a=1; ((r[a++]++)); echo $a

你不能在这里用美元符号，因为这是赋值运算(a在lhs上)虽然你可以用间接的方法，但是双重求值还是会发生。

原因:对于美元符号，变量展开在算术求值之前执行，因此只执行一次。如果没有美元符号，它将执行两次，一次是计算查找的索引，另一次是计算赋值的索引(因此，实际上，循环中第一步的赋值可能看起来像array[4] = $array[6] + 1，这完全打乱了数组)。