腓backticks

从http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.operators.execution.php

PHP支持一种执行操作符:反撇号(' ')。注意，这些不是单引号!PHP将尝试作为shell命令执行反勾号的内容;输出将被返回(即，它不会简单地转储到输出;它可以赋值给一个变量)。

$output = `ls -al`;
echo "<pre>$output</pre>";

在代码中发现“instead of”是“相当容易的”。

这也很有趣:

经过一番折腾，我得出结论，反勾运算符(和shell_exec)的返回缓冲区有限。我的问题是，我正在处理一个超过50万行的文件，收到的回复远远超过10万行。短暂的停顿之后，我收到了大量来自grep的关于管道关闭的错误。

PHP

来自在线文档: string implode (string $glue, array $pieces) -用字符串连接数组元素 注意:由于历史原因，implode()可以以任意一种顺序接受其形参。

这是可行的:implode($someArray， $glue)

希望他们能在PHP 6中消除这些历史怪癖。

Haskell's use of Maybe and Just. Maybe a is a type constructor that returns a type of Just a, but Maybe Int won't accept just an Int, it requires it to be a Just Int or Nothing. So in essence in haskell parlance Just Int is about as much of an Int as an apple is an orange. The only connection is that Just 5 returns a type of Maybe Interger, which can be constructed with the function Just and an Integer argument. This makes sense but is about as hard to explain as it can theoretically be, which is the purpose of haskell right? So is Just really JustKindaLikeButNotAtAll yea sorta, and is Maybe really a KindaLooksLikeOrIsNothing, yea sorta again.

-- Create a function that returns a Maybe Int, and return a 5, which know is definitly Int'able
>  let x :: Maybe Int; x = 5;
<interactive>:1:24:
    No instance for (Num (Maybe Int))
      arising from the literal `5' at <interactive>:1:24
    Possible fix: add an instance declaration for (Num (Maybe Int))
    In the expression: 5
    In the definition of `x': x = 5

>  Just 5  
Just 5
it :: Maybe Integer

    -- Create a function x which takes an Int
>  let x :: Int -> Int; x _ = 0;
x :: Int -> Int
-- Try to give it a Just Int
>  x $ Just 5                   

<interactive>:1:4:
    Couldn't match expected type `Int' against inferred type `Maybe t'
    In the second argument of `($)', namely `Just 5'
    In the expression: x $ Just 5
    In the definition of `it': it = x $ Just 5

祝你好运读到这篇文章，我希望它是正确的。

In C

a[i++] = i;

它会编译，但很少执行您认为它应该执行的操作。优化更改会产生截然不同的结果。它在不同平台上的运行方式也不同。

然而，编译器对此非常满意。

我一直在想为什么最简单的程序是:

class HelloWorldApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello World!");
    }
}

然而它可以是:

print "Hello World!"

也许这是为了吓唬计算机科学专业的学生……

在Perl中，对象只是被祝福的引用，所以在运行时改变对象的类是小菜一碟:

package Foo;
sub new { bless {}, $_[0] }
package Bar;
package main;
my $foo = Foo->new;
ref($foo); # => "Foo"
bless $foo, 'Bar';
ref($foo); # => "Bar"

我很惊讶其他语言不能做到这一点。多么有用的功能啊!