在你看来,你遇到过的最令人惊讶、最怪异、最奇怪或最“WTF”的语言特性是什么?

请每个回答只回答一个特征。


当前回答

对于那些不知道的人,bc是一种“任意精度计算器语言”,我经常使用它进行快速计算,特别是当涉及的数字很大的时候($是提示符):

$ bc -lq
12^345
20774466823273785598434446955827049735727869127052322369317059031795\
19704325276892191015329301807037794598378537132233994613616420526484\
93077727371807711237016056649272805971389591721704273857856298577322\
13812114239610682963085721433938547031679267799296826048444696211521\
30457090778409728703018428147734622401526422774317612081074841839507\
864189781700150115308454681772032

bc在很长一段时间内都是标准的Unix命令。

现在是“WTF功能”。这是来自man bc(强调是我的):

quit:当读取quit语句时,bc处理器被终止, 不管在哪里找到quit语句。 例如,"if (0 == 1) quit"将导致bc终止。 halt: halt语句(扩展)是一个执行的语句 导致BC处理器仅在执行时退出。 例如,"if (0 == 1) halt"不会导致bc终止,因为停止没有执行。

其他回答

叫/ cc。Call/cc将一个表示程序其余部分的函数传递给程序体。

我最喜欢的奇怪的C语言是5[“Hello World”],但因为已经发布了,我最喜欢的第二个奇怪的是Windows版本结构初始化黑客:

void someWindowsFunction() {
    BITMAPINFOHEADER header = {sizeof header};

    /* do stuff with header */
}

这条微妙的线条达到了以下效果:

Declares a BITMAPINFOHEADER structure Concisely sets the "size" member of the structure, without hardcoding a size constant (since many Window structures, including BITMAPINFOHEADER, follow the convention of specifying the size of the structure as the first member} Declares the version of the structure (since many Windows structures, including BITMAPINFOHEADER, identify their version by the declared size, following the convention that structures definitions are append-only) Clears all other members of the structure (a C standard behavior when a structure is incompletely initialized).

Scheme中没有保留标识符。因此,下面的表达式的值为1:

((lambda (lambda) lambda) (let ((let 1)) let))

注意,给定作用域内的定义是有限制的:任何定义都不能重新定义用于在该作用域内定义标识符的标识符,因此下面是一个语法错误:

(begin (define define 1) define)

大约在1977年,我在Lisp中添加了“format”函数,那时“printf”甚至还不存在(我是从与Unix相同的源:Multics复制的)。它一开始很无辜,但后来被一个接一个的特征填满了。当Guy Steele引入迭代和相关特性时,事情就失控了,这些特性被Common Lisp X3J13 ANSI标准所接受。下面的示例可以在Common Lisp The Language, 2nd Edition第22.3.3节中的表22-8中找到:

(defun print-xapping (xapping stream depth)
  (declare (ignore depth))
  (format stream
      "~:[{~;[~]~:{~S~:[->~S~;~*~]~:^ ~}~:[~; ~]~ ~{~S->~^ ~}~:[~; ~]~[~*~;->~S~;->~*~]~:[}~;]~]"
      (xectorp xapping)
      (do ((vp (xectorp xapping))
           (sp (finite-part-is-xetp xapping))
           (d (xapping-domain xapping) (cdr d))
           (r (xapping-range xapping) (cdr r))
           (z '() (cons (list (if vp (car r) (car d)) (or vp sp) (car r)) z)))
          ((null d) (reverse z)))
      (and (xapping-domain xapping)
           (or (xapping-exceptions xapping)
           (xapping-infinite xapping)))
      (xapping-exceptions xapping)
      (and (xapping-exceptions xapping)
           (xapping-infinite xapping))
      (ecase (xapping-infinite xapping)
        ((nil) 0)
        (:constant 1)
        (:universal 2))
      (xapping-default xapping)
      (xectorp xapping)))

通知7。一个有效程序的例子:

    Chomsky is a room. 
    A thought is a kind of thing. 
    Color is a kind of value. 
    The colors are red, green and blue. 
    A thought has a color. It is usually Green. 
    A thought can be colorful or colorless. It is usually colorless. 
    An idea is a thought in Chomsky with description "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously." 
    A manner is a kind of thing. 
    Furiously is a manner. 
    Sleeping relates one thought to one manner. 
    The verb to sleep (he sleeps, they sleep, he slept, it is slept, he is sleeping) implies the sleeping relation. 
    Colorless green ideas sleep furiously. 

像图灵机模拟器这样的其他愚蠢的东西可以找到。