我在理解和应用公认的答案时遇到了困难。我需要更多的背景知识。现在我已经搞清楚了，下面是一个完整的例子:

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    Button myButton;
    View myView;
    boolean isUp;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        myView = findViewById(R.id.my_view);
        myButton = findViewById(R.id.my_button);

        // initialize as invisible (could also do in xml)
        myView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        myButton.setText("Slide up");
        isUp = false;
    }

    // slide the view from below itself to the current position
    public void slideUp(View view){
        view.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        TranslateAnimation animate = new TranslateAnimation(
                0,                 // fromXDelta
                0,                 // toXDelta
                view.getHeight(),  // fromYDelta
                0);                // toYDelta
        animate.setDuration(500);
        animate.setFillAfter(true);
        view.startAnimation(animate);
    }

    // slide the view from its current position to below itself
    public void slideDown(View view){
        TranslateAnimation animate = new TranslateAnimation(
                0,                 // fromXDelta
                0,                 // toXDelta
                0,                 // fromYDelta
                view.getHeight()); // toYDelta
        animate.setDuration(500);
        animate.setFillAfter(true);
        view.startAnimation(animate);
    }

    public void onSlideViewButtonClick(View view) {
        if (isUp) {
            slideDown(myView);
            myButton.setText("Slide up");
        } else {
            slideUp(myView);
            myButton.setText("Slide down");
        }
        isUp = !isUp;
    }
}

activity_mail.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.slideview.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/my_button"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        android:onClick="onSlideViewButtonClick"
        android:layout_width="150dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/my_view"
        android:background="#a6e1aa"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="200dp">

    </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

笔记

感谢这篇文章为我指明了正确的方向。它比本页上的其他答案更有帮助。 如果你想从屏幕上的视图开始，那么不要将它初始化为INVISIBLE。 因为我们是完全在屏幕外制作动画，所以没有必要将它设置为INVISIBLE。如果你的动画不是完全脱离屏幕，那么你可以添加一个alpha动画，并使用AnimatorListenerAdapter设置可见性。 动画文档

你可以上下滑动任何视图或布局使用咆哮的代码在安卓应用程序

boolean isClicked = false;
LinearLayout mLayoutTab = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.linearlayout);

if(isClicked) {
    isClicked = false;
    mLayoutTab.animate()
        .translationYBy(120)
        .translationY(0)     
        .setDuration(getResources().getInteger(android.R.integer.config_mediumAnimTime));
} else {
    isClicked = true;
    mLayoutTab.animate()
         .translationYBy(0)
         .translationY(120)
         .setDuration(getResources().getInteger(android.R.integer.config_mediumAnimTime));
}

现在可见性改变动画应该通过过渡API来完成，该API在支持(androidx)包中可用。只需调用TransitionManager。beginDelayedTransition方法使用Slide过渡，然后改变视图的可见性。

import androidx.transition.Slide;
import androidx.transition.Transition;
import androidx.transition.TransitionManager;

private void toggle(boolean show) {
    View redLayout = findViewById(R.id.redLayout);
    ViewGroup parent = findViewById(R.id.parent);

    Transition transition = new Slide(Gravity.BOTTOM);
    transition.setDuration(600);
    transition.addTarget(R.id.redLayout);

    TransitionManager.beginDelayedTransition(parent, transition);
    redLayout.setVisibility(show ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE);
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/parent"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="play" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/redLayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="400dp"
        android:background="#5f00"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

用另一个默认和自定义转换示例检查这个答案。

if (filter_section.getVisibility() == View.GONE) {
    filter_section.animate()
            .translationY(filter_section.getHeight()).alpha(1.0f)
            .setListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation) {
                    super.onAnimationStart(animation);
                    filter_section.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    filter_section.setAlpha(0.0f);
                }
            });
} else {
    filter_section.animate()
            .translationY(0).alpha(0.0f)
            .setListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
                    super.onAnimationEnd(animation);
                    filter_section.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                }
            });
}

其中一个简单的方法是:

containerView.setLayoutTransition(LayoutTransition())
containerView.layoutTransition.enableTransitionType(LayoutTransition.CHANGING)

科特林

根据Suragch的回答，下面是一种使用View扩展的优雅方式:

fun View.slideUp(duration: Int = 500) {
    visibility = View.VISIBLE
    val animate = TranslateAnimation(0f, 0f, this.height.toFloat(), 0f)
    animate.duration = duration.toLong()
    animate.fillAfter = true
    this.startAnimation(animate)
}

fun View.slideDown(duration: Int = 500) {
    visibility = View.VISIBLE
    val animate = TranslateAnimation(0f, 0f, 0f, this.height.toFloat())
    animate.duration = duration.toLong()
    animate.fillAfter = true
    this.startAnimation(animate)
}

然后无论你想在哪里使用它，你只需要myview。slideup()或myview。slidedown ()