我想用c#将一个目录的全部内容从一个位置复制到另一个位置。

使用System似乎没有办法做到这一点。没有大量递归的IO类。

如果我们添加对Microsoft的引用,VB中有一个方法可以使用。VisualBasic:

new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Computer().
    FileSystem.CopyDirectory( sourceFolder, outputFolder );

这似乎是一个相当丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的办法?


当前回答

下面是我用于IO任务的一个实用程序类。

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace MyNameSpace
{
    public class ShellFileOperation
    {
        private static String StringArrayToMultiString(String[] stringArray)
        {
            String multiString = "";

            if (stringArray == null)
                return "";

            for (int i=0 ; i<stringArray.Length ; i++)
                multiString += stringArray[i] + '\0';

            multiString += '\0';

            return multiString;
        }

        public static bool Copy(string source, string dest)
        {
            return Copy(new String[] { source }, new String[] { dest });
        }

        public static bool Copy(String[] source, String[] dest)
        {
            Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT FileOpStruct = new Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT();

            FileOpStruct.hwnd = IntPtr.Zero;
            FileOpStruct.wFunc = (uint)Win32.FO_COPY;

            String multiSource = StringArrayToMultiString(source);
            String multiDest = StringArrayToMultiString(dest);
            FileOpStruct.pFrom = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiSource);
            FileOpStruct.pTo = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiDest);

            FileOpStruct.fFlags = (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION;
            FileOpStruct.lpszProgressTitle = "";
            FileOpStruct.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0;
            FileOpStruct.hNameMappings = IntPtr.Zero;

            int retval = Win32.SHFileOperation(ref FileOpStruct);

            if(retval != 0) return false;
            return true;
        }

        public static bool Move(string source, string dest)
        {
            return Move(new String[] { source }, new String[] { dest });
        }

        public static bool Delete(string file)
        {
            Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT FileOpStruct = new Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT();

            FileOpStruct.hwnd = IntPtr.Zero;
            FileOpStruct.wFunc = (uint)Win32.FO_DELETE;

            String multiSource = StringArrayToMultiString(new string[] { file });
            FileOpStruct.pFrom = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiSource);
            FileOpStruct.pTo =  IntPtr.Zero;

            FileOpStruct.fFlags = (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_SILENT | (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION | (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOERRORUI | (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR;
            FileOpStruct.lpszProgressTitle = "";
            FileOpStruct.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0;
            FileOpStruct.hNameMappings = IntPtr.Zero;

            int retval = Win32.SHFileOperation(ref FileOpStruct);

            if(retval != 0) return false;
            return true;
        }

        public static bool Move(String[] source, String[] dest)
        {
            Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT FileOpStruct = new Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT();

            FileOpStruct.hwnd = IntPtr.Zero;
            FileOpStruct.wFunc = (uint)Win32.FO_MOVE;

            String multiSource = StringArrayToMultiString(source);
            String multiDest = StringArrayToMultiString(dest);
            FileOpStruct.pFrom = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiSource);
            FileOpStruct.pTo = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiDest);

            FileOpStruct.fFlags = (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION;
            FileOpStruct.lpszProgressTitle = "";
            FileOpStruct.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0;
            FileOpStruct.hNameMappings = IntPtr.Zero;

            int retval = Win32.SHFileOperation(ref FileOpStruct);

            if(retval != 0) return false;
            return true;
        }
    }
}

其他回答

它可能没有性能意识,但我用它来处理30MB的文件夹,它工作得完美无缺。另外,我不喜欢这么简单的任务所需要的大量代码和递归。

var src = "c:\src";
var dest = "c:\dest";
var cmp = CompressionLevel.NoCompression;
var zip = source_folder + ".zip";

ZipFile.CreateFromDirectory(src, zip, cmp, includeBaseDirectory: false);
ZipFile.ExtractToDirectory(zip, dest_folder);

File.Delete(zip);

注意:ZipFile可以在。net 4.5+的System.IO.Compression命名空间中使用

递归复制文件夹而不递归,以避免堆栈溢出。

public static void CopyDirectory(string source, string target)
{
    var stack = new Stack<Folders>();
    stack.Push(new Folders(source, target));

    while (stack.Count > 0)
    {
        var folders = stack.Pop();
        Directory.CreateDirectory(folders.Target);
        foreach (var file in Directory.GetFiles(folders.Source, "*.*"))
        {
            File.Copy(file, Path.Combine(folders.Target, Path.GetFileName(file)));
        }

        foreach (var folder in Directory.GetDirectories(folders.Source))
        {
            stack.Push(new Folders(folder, Path.Combine(folders.Target, Path.GetFileName(folder))));
        }
    }
}

public class Folders
{
    public string Source { get; private set; }
    public string Target { get; private set; }

    public Folders(string source, string target)
    {
        Source = source;
        Target = target;
    }
}

对于UWP和Winui 3 (WindowsAppSdk)使用Async API:

public async Task CopyAsync(StorageFolder source, StorageFolder dest)
{
    foreach (var item in await source.GetItemsAsync())

        if (item is StorageFile file)
            await file.CopyAsync(dest);

        else if (item is StorageFolder folder)
            await CopyAsync(folder, await dest.CreateFolderAsync(folder.Name, CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists));
}

容易得多

private static void CopyFilesRecursively(string sourcePath, string targetPath)
{
    //Now Create all of the directories
    foreach (string dirPath in Directory.GetDirectories(sourcePath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
    {
        Directory.CreateDirectory(dirPath.Replace(sourcePath, targetPath));
    }

    //Copy all the files & Replaces any files with the same name
    foreach (string newPath in Directory.GetFiles(sourcePath, "*.*",SearchOption.AllDirectories))
    {
        File.Copy(newPath, newPath.Replace(sourcePath, targetPath), true);
    }
}

复制自MSDN:

using System;
using System.IO;

class CopyDir
{
    public static void Copy(string sourceDirectory, string targetDirectory)
    {
        DirectoryInfo diSource = new DirectoryInfo(sourceDirectory);
        DirectoryInfo diTarget = new DirectoryInfo(targetDirectory);

        CopyAll(diSource, diTarget);
    }

    public static void CopyAll(DirectoryInfo source, DirectoryInfo target)
    {
        Directory.CreateDirectory(target.FullName);

        // Copy each file into the new directory.
        foreach (FileInfo fi in source.GetFiles())
        {
            Console.WriteLine(@"Copying {0}\{1}", target.FullName, fi.Name);
            fi.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, fi.Name), true);
        }

        // Copy each subdirectory using recursion.
        foreach (DirectoryInfo diSourceSubDir in source.GetDirectories())
        {
            DirectoryInfo nextTargetSubDir =
                target.CreateSubdirectory(diSourceSubDir.Name);
            CopyAll(diSourceSubDir, nextTargetSubDir);
        }
    }

    public static void Main()
    {
        string sourceDirectory = @"c:\sourceDirectory";
        string targetDirectory = @"c:\targetDirectory";

        Copy(sourceDirectory, targetDirectory);
    }

    // Output will vary based on the contents of the source directory.
}