我想用c#将一个目录的全部内容从一个位置复制到另一个位置。
使用System似乎没有办法做到这一点。没有大量递归的IO类。
如果我们添加对Microsoft的引用,VB中有一个方法可以使用。VisualBasic:
new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Computer().
FileSystem.CopyDirectory( sourceFolder, outputFolder );
这似乎是一个相当丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的办法?
我想用c#将一个目录的全部内容从一个位置复制到另一个位置。
使用System似乎没有办法做到这一点。没有大量递归的IO类。
如果我们添加对Microsoft的引用,VB中有一个方法可以使用。VisualBasic:
new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Computer().
FileSystem.CopyDirectory( sourceFolder, outputFolder );
这似乎是一个相当丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的办法?
当前回答
我的解决方案基本上是对@Termininja的答案的修改,但我增强了一点,它似乎比公认的答案快5倍以上。
public static void CopyEntireDirectory(string path, string newPath)
{
Parallel.ForEach(Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
,(fileName) =>
{
string output = Regex.Replace(fileName, "^" + Regex.Escape(path), newPath);
if (File.Exists(fileName))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(output));
File.Copy(fileName, output, true);
}
else
Directory.CreateDirectory(output);
});
}
编辑:将@Ahmed Sabry修改为完全并行foreach确实会产生更好的结果,但是代码使用递归函数,在某些情况下并不理想。
public static void CopyEntireDirectory(DirectoryInfo source, DirectoryInfo target, bool overwiteFiles = true)
{
if (!source.Exists) return;
if (!target.Exists) target.Create();
Parallel.ForEach(source.GetDirectories(), (sourceChildDirectory) =>
CopyEntireDirectory(sourceChildDirectory, new DirectoryInfo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, sourceChildDirectory.Name))));
Parallel.ForEach(source.GetFiles(), sourceFile =>
sourceFile.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, sourceFile.Name), overwiteFiles));
}
其他回答
或者,如果你想走一条艰难的路,为你的微软项目添加一个引用。然后使用下面的代码:
Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO.FileSystem.CopyDirectory(fromDirectory, toDirectory);
然而,使用一个递归函数是一个更好的方法,因为它不需要加载VB dll。
复制并替换文件夹中的所有文件
public static void CopyAndReplaceAll(string SourcePath, string DestinationPath, string backupPath)
{
foreach (string dirPath in Directory.GetDirectories(SourcePath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory($"{DestinationPath}{dirPath.Remove(0, SourcePath.Length)}");
Directory.CreateDirectory($"{backupPath}{dirPath.Remove(0, SourcePath.Length)}");
}
foreach (string newPath in Directory.GetFiles(SourcePath, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
if (!File.Exists($"{ DestinationPath}{newPath.Remove(0, SourcePath.Length)}"))
File.Copy(newPath, $"{ DestinationPath}{newPath.Remove(0, SourcePath.Length)}");
else
File.Replace(newPath
, $"{ DestinationPath}{newPath.Remove(0, SourcePath.Length)}"
, $"{ backupPath}{newPath.Remove(0, SourcePath.Length)}", false);
}
}
这段代码的属性:
没有并行任务,性能较差,但其思想是逐文件处理,因此可以记录或停止。 可以跳过隐藏文件 可以跳过修改日期吗 可以打破或不(您选择)对文件复制错误 SMB和FileShare使用64K的Buffer。读写避免锁 个性化您的异常消息 对于Windows
笔记 ExceptionToString()是一个个人扩展,试图获得内部异常和显示堆栈。将其替换为ex.Message或任何其他代码。 log4net。ILog _log我使用==Log4net==您可以用不同的方式创建您的日志。
/// <summary>
/// Recursive Directory Copy
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fromPath"></param>
/// <param name="toPath"></param>
/// <param name="continueOnException">on error, continue to copy next file</param>
/// <param name="skipHiddenFiles">To avoid files like thumbs.db</param>
/// <param name="skipByModifiedDate">Does not copy if the destiny file has the same or more recent modified date</param>
/// <remarks>
/// </remarks>
public static void CopyEntireDirectory(string fromPath, string toPath, bool continueOnException = false, bool skipHiddenFiles = true, bool skipByModifiedDate = true)
{
log4net.ILog _log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);
string nl = Environment.NewLine;
string sourcePath = "";
string destPath = "";
string _exMsg = "";
void TreateException(Exception ex)
{
_log.Warn(_exMsg);
if (continueOnException == false)
{
throw new Exception($"{_exMsg}{nl}----{nl}{ex.ExceptionToString()}");
}
}
try
{
foreach (string fileName in Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(fromPath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
sourcePath = fileName;
destPath = Regex.Replace(fileName, "^" + Regex.Escape(fromPath), toPath);
Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(destPath));
_log.Debug(FileCopyStream(sourcePath, destPath,skipHiddenFiles,skipByModifiedDate));
}
}
// Directory must be less than 148 characters, File must be less than 261 characters
catch (PathTooLongException)
{
throw new Exception($"Both paths must be less than 148 characters:{nl}{sourcePath}{nl}{destPath}");
}
// Not enough disk space. Cancel further copies
catch (IOException ex) when ((ex.HResult & 0xFFFF) == 0x27 || (ex.HResult & 0xFFFF) == 0x70)
{
throw new Exception($"Not enough disk space:{nl}'{toPath}'");
}
// used by another process
catch (IOException ex) when ((uint)ex.HResult == 0x80070020)
{
_exMsg = $"File is being used by another process:{nl}'{destPath}'{nl}{ex.Message}";
TreateException(ex);
}
catch (UnauthorizedAccessException ex)
{
_exMsg = $"Unauthorized Access Exception:{nl}from:'{sourcePath}'{nl}to:{destPath}";
TreateException(ex);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_exMsg = $"from:'{sourcePath}'{nl}to:{destPath}";
TreateException(ex);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// File Copy using Stream 64K and trying to avoid locks with fileshare
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourcePath"></param>
/// <param name="destPath"></param>
/// <param name="skipHiddenFiles">To avoid files like thumbs.db</param>
/// <param name="skipByModifiedDate">Does not copy if the destiny file has the same or more recent modified date</param>
public static string FileCopyStream(string sourcePath, string destPath, bool skipHiddenFiles = true, bool skipByModifiedDate = true)
{
// Buffer should be 64K = 65536 bytes
// Increasing the buffer size beyond 64k will not help in any circunstance,
// as the underlying SMB protocol does not support buffer lengths beyond 64k."
byte[] buffer = new byte[65536];
if (!File.Exists(sourcePath))
return $"is not a file: '{sourcePath}'";
FileInfo sourcefileInfo = new FileInfo(sourcePath);
FileInfo destFileInfo = null;
if (File.Exists(destPath))
destFileInfo = new FileInfo(destPath);
if (skipHiddenFiles)
{
if (sourcefileInfo.Attributes.HasFlag(FileAttributes.Hidden))
return $"Hidden File Not Copied: '{sourcePath}'";
}
using (FileStream input = sourcefileInfo.Open(FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite))
using (FileStream output = new FileStream(destPath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.ReadWrite, buffer.Length))
{
if (skipByModifiedDate && destFileInfo != null)
{
if (destFileInfo.LastWriteTime < sourcefileInfo.LastWriteTime)
{
input.CopyTo(output, buffer.Length);
destFileInfo.LastWriteTime = sourcefileInfo.LastWriteTime;
return $"Replaced: '{sourcePath}'";
}
else
{
return $"NOT replaced (more recent or same file): '{sourcePath}'";
}
}
else
{
input.CopyTo(output, buffer.Length);
destFileInfo = new FileInfo(destPath);
destFileInfo.LastWriteTime = sourcefileInfo.LastWriteTime;
return $"New File: '{sourcePath}'";
}
}
}
抱歉之前的代码,它仍然有bug:((成为最快枪问题的猎物)。这里是测试和工作。键是SearchOption。AllDirectories,这消除了显式递归的需要。
string path = "C:\\a";
string[] dirs = Directory.GetDirectories(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
string newpath = "C:\\x";
try
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(newpath);
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
for (int j = 0; j < dirs.Length; j++)
{
try
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(dirs[j].Replace(path, newpath));
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
for (int j = 0; j < files.Length; j++)
{
try
{
File.Copy(files[j], files[j].Replace(path, newpath));
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
使用这个类。
public static class Extensions
{
public static void CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo source, DirectoryInfo target, bool overwiteFiles = true)
{
if (!source.Exists) return;
if (!target.Exists) target.Create();
Parallel.ForEach(source.GetDirectories(), (sourceChildDirectory) =>
CopyTo(sourceChildDirectory, new DirectoryInfo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, sourceChildDirectory.Name))));
foreach (var sourceFile in source.GetFiles())
sourceFile.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, sourceFile.Name), overwiteFiles);
}
public static void CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo source, string target, bool overwiteFiles = true)
{
CopyTo(source, new DirectoryInfo(target), overwiteFiles);
}
}