我想用c#将一个目录的全部内容从一个位置复制到另一个位置。

使用System似乎没有办法做到这一点。没有大量递归的IO类。

如果我们添加对Microsoft的引用,VB中有一个方法可以使用。VisualBasic:

new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Computer().
    FileSystem.CopyDirectory( sourceFolder, outputFolder );

这似乎是一个相当丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的办法?


当前回答

比任何代码都好(使用递归扩展DirectoryInfo的方法)

public static bool CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo source, string destination)
    {
        try
        {
            foreach (string dirPath in Directory.GetDirectories(source.FullName))
            {
                var newDirPath = dirPath.Replace(source.FullName, destination);
                Directory.CreateDirectory(newDirPath);
                new DirectoryInfo(dirPath).CopyTo(newDirPath);
            }
            //Copy all the files & Replaces any files with the same name
            foreach (string filePath in Directory.GetFiles(source.FullName))
            {
                File.Copy(filePath, filePath.Replace(source.FullName,destination), true);
            }
            return true;
        }
        catch (IOException exp)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

其他回答

只是想加上我的版本。它可以处理目录和文件,如果目标文件存在,则可以覆盖或跳过。

public static void Copy(
    string source,
    string destination,
    string pattern = "*",
    bool includeSubFolders = true,
    bool overwrite = true,
    bool overwriteOnlyIfSourceIsNewer = false)
{
    if (File.Exists(source))
    {
        // Source is a file, copy and leave
        CopyFile(source, destination);
        return;
    }

    if (!Directory.Exists(source))
    {
        throw new DirectoryNotFoundException($"Source directory does not exists: `{source}`");
    }

    var files = Directory.GetFiles(
        source,
        pattern,
        includeSubFolders ?
            SearchOption.AllDirectories :
            SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);

    foreach (var file in files)
    {
        var newFile = file.Replace(source, destination);
        CopyFile(file, newFile, overwrite, overwriteOnlyIfSourceIsNewer);
    }
}

private static void CopyFile(
    string source,
    string destination,
    bool overwrite = true,
    bool overwriteIfSourceIsNewer = false)
{
    if (!overwrite && File.Exists(destination))
    {
        return;
    }

    if (overwriteIfSourceIsNewer && File.Exists(destination))
    {
        var sourceLastModified = File.GetLastWriteTimeUtc(source);
        var destinationLastModified = File.GetLastWriteTimeUtc(destination);
        if (sourceLastModified <= destinationLastModified)
        {
            return;
        }

        CreateDirectory(destination);
        File.Copy(source, destination, overwrite);
        return;
    }

    CreateDirectory(destination);
    File.Copy(source, destination, overwrite);
}

private static void CreateDirectory(string filePath)
{
    var targetDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);
    if (targetDirectory != null && !Directory.Exists(targetDirectory))
    {
        Directory.CreateDirectory(targetDirectory);
    }
}

下面的代码复制所有文件从源到目标给定的模式在相同的文件夹结构:

public static void Copy()
        {
            string sourceDir = @"C:\test\source\";
            string destination = @"C:\test\destination\";

            string[] textFiles = Directory.GetFiles(sourceDir, "*.txt", SearchOption.AllDirectories);

            foreach (string textFile in textFiles)
            {
                string fileName = textFile.Substring(sourceDir.Length);
                string directoryPath = Path.Combine(destination, Path.GetDirectoryName(fileName));
                if (!Directory.Exists(directoryPath))
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(directoryPath);

                File.Copy(textFile, Path.Combine(directoryPath, Path.GetFileName(textFile)), true);
            }
        }

下面是一个DirectoryInfo的扩展方法。CopyTo(注意overwrite参数):

public static DirectoryInfo CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo sourceDir, string destinationPath, bool overwrite = false)
{
    var sourcePath = sourceDir.FullName;

    var destination = new DirectoryInfo(destinationPath);

    destination.Create();

    foreach (var sourceSubDirPath in Directory.EnumerateDirectories(sourcePath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
        Directory.CreateDirectory(sourceSubDirPath.Replace(sourcePath, destinationPath));

    foreach (var file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(sourcePath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
        File.Copy(file, file.Replace(sourcePath, destinationPath), overwrite);

    return destination;
}

复制自MSDN:

using System;
using System.IO;

class CopyDir
{
    public static void Copy(string sourceDirectory, string targetDirectory)
    {
        DirectoryInfo diSource = new DirectoryInfo(sourceDirectory);
        DirectoryInfo diTarget = new DirectoryInfo(targetDirectory);

        CopyAll(diSource, diTarget);
    }

    public static void CopyAll(DirectoryInfo source, DirectoryInfo target)
    {
        Directory.CreateDirectory(target.FullName);

        // Copy each file into the new directory.
        foreach (FileInfo fi in source.GetFiles())
        {
            Console.WriteLine(@"Copying {0}\{1}", target.FullName, fi.Name);
            fi.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, fi.Name), true);
        }

        // Copy each subdirectory using recursion.
        foreach (DirectoryInfo diSourceSubDir in source.GetDirectories())
        {
            DirectoryInfo nextTargetSubDir =
                target.CreateSubdirectory(diSourceSubDir.Name);
            CopyAll(diSourceSubDir, nextTargetSubDir);
        }
    }

    public static void Main()
    {
        string sourceDirectory = @"c:\sourceDirectory";
        string targetDirectory = @"c:\targetDirectory";

        Copy(sourceDirectory, targetDirectory);
    }

    // Output will vary based on the contents of the source directory.
}

比任何代码都好(使用递归扩展DirectoryInfo的方法)

public static bool CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo source, string destination)
    {
        try
        {
            foreach (string dirPath in Directory.GetDirectories(source.FullName))
            {
                var newDirPath = dirPath.Replace(source.FullName, destination);
                Directory.CreateDirectory(newDirPath);
                new DirectoryInfo(dirPath).CopyTo(newDirPath);
            }
            //Copy all the files & Replaces any files with the same name
            foreach (string filePath in Directory.GetFiles(source.FullName))
            {
                File.Copy(filePath, filePath.Replace(source.FullName,destination), true);
            }
            return true;
        }
        catch (IOException exp)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }