我想用c#将一个目录的全部内容从一个位置复制到另一个位置。
使用System似乎没有办法做到这一点。没有大量递归的IO类。
如果我们添加对Microsoft的引用,VB中有一个方法可以使用。VisualBasic:
new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Computer().
FileSystem.CopyDirectory( sourceFolder, outputFolder );
这似乎是一个相当丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的办法?
我想用c#将一个目录的全部内容从一个位置复制到另一个位置。
使用System似乎没有办法做到这一点。没有大量递归的IO类。
如果我们添加对Microsoft的引用,VB中有一个方法可以使用。VisualBasic:
new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Computer().
FileSystem.CopyDirectory( sourceFolder, outputFolder );
这似乎是一个相当丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的办法?
当前回答
对于UWP和Winui 3 (WindowsAppSdk)使用Async API:
public async Task CopyAsync(StorageFolder source, StorageFolder dest)
{
foreach (var item in await source.GetItemsAsync())
if (item is StorageFile file)
await file.CopyAsync(dest);
else if (item is StorageFolder folder)
await CopyAsync(folder, await dest.CreateFolderAsync(folder.Name, CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists));
}
其他回答
比任何代码都好(使用递归扩展DirectoryInfo的方法)
public static bool CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo source, string destination)
{
try
{
foreach (string dirPath in Directory.GetDirectories(source.FullName))
{
var newDirPath = dirPath.Replace(source.FullName, destination);
Directory.CreateDirectory(newDirPath);
new DirectoryInfo(dirPath).CopyTo(newDirPath);
}
//Copy all the files & Replaces any files with the same name
foreach (string filePath in Directory.GetFiles(source.FullName))
{
File.Copy(filePath, filePath.Replace(source.FullName,destination), true);
}
return true;
}
catch (IOException exp)
{
return false;
}
}
抱歉之前的代码,它仍然有bug:((成为最快枪问题的猎物)。这里是测试和工作。键是SearchOption。AllDirectories,这消除了显式递归的需要。
string path = "C:\\a";
string[] dirs = Directory.GetDirectories(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
string newpath = "C:\\x";
try
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(newpath);
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
for (int j = 0; j < dirs.Length; j++)
{
try
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(dirs[j].Replace(path, newpath));
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
for (int j = 0; j < files.Length; j++)
{
try
{
File.Copy(files[j], files[j].Replace(path, newpath));
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
下面是我用于IO任务的一个实用程序类。
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace MyNameSpace
{
public class ShellFileOperation
{
private static String StringArrayToMultiString(String[] stringArray)
{
String multiString = "";
if (stringArray == null)
return "";
for (int i=0 ; i<stringArray.Length ; i++)
multiString += stringArray[i] + '\0';
multiString += '\0';
return multiString;
}
public static bool Copy(string source, string dest)
{
return Copy(new String[] { source }, new String[] { dest });
}
public static bool Copy(String[] source, String[] dest)
{
Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT FileOpStruct = new Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT();
FileOpStruct.hwnd = IntPtr.Zero;
FileOpStruct.wFunc = (uint)Win32.FO_COPY;
String multiSource = StringArrayToMultiString(source);
String multiDest = StringArrayToMultiString(dest);
FileOpStruct.pFrom = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiSource);
FileOpStruct.pTo = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiDest);
FileOpStruct.fFlags = (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION;
FileOpStruct.lpszProgressTitle = "";
FileOpStruct.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0;
FileOpStruct.hNameMappings = IntPtr.Zero;
int retval = Win32.SHFileOperation(ref FileOpStruct);
if(retval != 0) return false;
return true;
}
public static bool Move(string source, string dest)
{
return Move(new String[] { source }, new String[] { dest });
}
public static bool Delete(string file)
{
Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT FileOpStruct = new Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT();
FileOpStruct.hwnd = IntPtr.Zero;
FileOpStruct.wFunc = (uint)Win32.FO_DELETE;
String multiSource = StringArrayToMultiString(new string[] { file });
FileOpStruct.pFrom = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiSource);
FileOpStruct.pTo = IntPtr.Zero;
FileOpStruct.fFlags = (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_SILENT | (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION | (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOERRORUI | (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR;
FileOpStruct.lpszProgressTitle = "";
FileOpStruct.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0;
FileOpStruct.hNameMappings = IntPtr.Zero;
int retval = Win32.SHFileOperation(ref FileOpStruct);
if(retval != 0) return false;
return true;
}
public static bool Move(String[] source, String[] dest)
{
Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT FileOpStruct = new Win32.SHFILEOPSTRUCT();
FileOpStruct.hwnd = IntPtr.Zero;
FileOpStruct.wFunc = (uint)Win32.FO_MOVE;
String multiSource = StringArrayToMultiString(source);
String multiDest = StringArrayToMultiString(dest);
FileOpStruct.pFrom = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiSource);
FileOpStruct.pTo = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(multiDest);
FileOpStruct.fFlags = (ushort)Win32.ShellFileOperationFlags.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION;
FileOpStruct.lpszProgressTitle = "";
FileOpStruct.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0;
FileOpStruct.hNameMappings = IntPtr.Zero;
int retval = Win32.SHFileOperation(ref FileOpStruct);
if(retval != 0) return false;
return true;
}
}
}
这里有一个简洁而有效的解决方案:
namespace System.IO {
public static class ExtensionMethods {
public static void CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo srcPath, string destPath) {
Directory.CreateDirectory(destPath);
Parallel.ForEach(srcPath.GetDirectories("*", SearchOption.AllDirectories),
srcInfo => Directory.CreateDirectory($"{destPath}{srcInfo.FullName[srcPath.FullName.Length..]}"));
Parallel.ForEach(srcPath.GetFiles("*", SearchOption.AllDirectories),
srcInfo => File.Copy(srcInfo.FullName, $"{destPath}{srcInfo.FullName[srcPath.FullName.Length..]}", true));
});
}
}
}
使用方法:
new DirectoryInfo(sourcePath).CopyTo(destinationPath);
这段代码的属性:
没有并行任务,性能较差,但其思想是逐文件处理,因此可以记录或停止。 可以跳过隐藏文件 可以跳过修改日期吗 可以打破或不(您选择)对文件复制错误 SMB和FileShare使用64K的Buffer。读写避免锁 个性化您的异常消息 对于Windows
笔记 ExceptionToString()是一个个人扩展,试图获得内部异常和显示堆栈。将其替换为ex.Message或任何其他代码。 log4net。ILog _log我使用==Log4net==您可以用不同的方式创建您的日志。
/// <summary>
/// Recursive Directory Copy
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fromPath"></param>
/// <param name="toPath"></param>
/// <param name="continueOnException">on error, continue to copy next file</param>
/// <param name="skipHiddenFiles">To avoid files like thumbs.db</param>
/// <param name="skipByModifiedDate">Does not copy if the destiny file has the same or more recent modified date</param>
/// <remarks>
/// </remarks>
public static void CopyEntireDirectory(string fromPath, string toPath, bool continueOnException = false, bool skipHiddenFiles = true, bool skipByModifiedDate = true)
{
log4net.ILog _log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);
string nl = Environment.NewLine;
string sourcePath = "";
string destPath = "";
string _exMsg = "";
void TreateException(Exception ex)
{
_log.Warn(_exMsg);
if (continueOnException == false)
{
throw new Exception($"{_exMsg}{nl}----{nl}{ex.ExceptionToString()}");
}
}
try
{
foreach (string fileName in Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(fromPath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
sourcePath = fileName;
destPath = Regex.Replace(fileName, "^" + Regex.Escape(fromPath), toPath);
Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(destPath));
_log.Debug(FileCopyStream(sourcePath, destPath,skipHiddenFiles,skipByModifiedDate));
}
}
// Directory must be less than 148 characters, File must be less than 261 characters
catch (PathTooLongException)
{
throw new Exception($"Both paths must be less than 148 characters:{nl}{sourcePath}{nl}{destPath}");
}
// Not enough disk space. Cancel further copies
catch (IOException ex) when ((ex.HResult & 0xFFFF) == 0x27 || (ex.HResult & 0xFFFF) == 0x70)
{
throw new Exception($"Not enough disk space:{nl}'{toPath}'");
}
// used by another process
catch (IOException ex) when ((uint)ex.HResult == 0x80070020)
{
_exMsg = $"File is being used by another process:{nl}'{destPath}'{nl}{ex.Message}";
TreateException(ex);
}
catch (UnauthorizedAccessException ex)
{
_exMsg = $"Unauthorized Access Exception:{nl}from:'{sourcePath}'{nl}to:{destPath}";
TreateException(ex);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_exMsg = $"from:'{sourcePath}'{nl}to:{destPath}";
TreateException(ex);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// File Copy using Stream 64K and trying to avoid locks with fileshare
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourcePath"></param>
/// <param name="destPath"></param>
/// <param name="skipHiddenFiles">To avoid files like thumbs.db</param>
/// <param name="skipByModifiedDate">Does not copy if the destiny file has the same or more recent modified date</param>
public static string FileCopyStream(string sourcePath, string destPath, bool skipHiddenFiles = true, bool skipByModifiedDate = true)
{
// Buffer should be 64K = 65536 bytes
// Increasing the buffer size beyond 64k will not help in any circunstance,
// as the underlying SMB protocol does not support buffer lengths beyond 64k."
byte[] buffer = new byte[65536];
if (!File.Exists(sourcePath))
return $"is not a file: '{sourcePath}'";
FileInfo sourcefileInfo = new FileInfo(sourcePath);
FileInfo destFileInfo = null;
if (File.Exists(destPath))
destFileInfo = new FileInfo(destPath);
if (skipHiddenFiles)
{
if (sourcefileInfo.Attributes.HasFlag(FileAttributes.Hidden))
return $"Hidden File Not Copied: '{sourcePath}'";
}
using (FileStream input = sourcefileInfo.Open(FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite))
using (FileStream output = new FileStream(destPath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.ReadWrite, buffer.Length))
{
if (skipByModifiedDate && destFileInfo != null)
{
if (destFileInfo.LastWriteTime < sourcefileInfo.LastWriteTime)
{
input.CopyTo(output, buffer.Length);
destFileInfo.LastWriteTime = sourcefileInfo.LastWriteTime;
return $"Replaced: '{sourcePath}'";
}
else
{
return $"NOT replaced (more recent or same file): '{sourcePath}'";
}
}
else
{
input.CopyTo(output, buffer.Length);
destFileInfo = new FileInfo(destPath);
destFileInfo.LastWriteTime = sourcefileInfo.LastWriteTime;
return $"New File: '{sourcePath}'";
}
}
}