我给出了两个算法来回答这个问题，

package countSetBitsInAnInteger;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class UsingLoop {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        try {
            System.out.println("Enter a integer number to check for set bits in it");
            int n = in.nextInt();
            System.out.println("Using while loop, we get the number of set bits as: " + usingLoop(n));
            System.out.println("Using Brain Kernighan's Algorithm, we get the number of set bits as: " + usingBrainKernighan(n));
            System.out.println("Using ");
        }
        finally {
            in.close();
        }
    }

    private static int usingBrainKernighan(int n) {
        int count = 0;
        while(n > 0) {
            n& = (n-1);
            count++;
        }
        return count;
    }

    /*
        Analysis:
            Time complexity = O(lgn)
            Space complexity = O(1)
    */

    private static int usingLoop(int n) {
        int count = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<32; i++) {
            if((n&(1 << i)) != 0)
                count++;
        }
        return count;
    }

    /*
        Analysis:
            Time Complexity = O(32) // Maybe the complexity is O(lgn)
            Space Complexity = O(1)
    */
}

int bitcount(unsigned int n)
{ 
      int count=0;
      while(n)
      {
           count += n & 0x1u;
           n >>= 1;
      }
      return  count;
 }

迭代的“计数”运行的时间与总比特数成比例。它只是循环遍历所有位，因为while条件而稍微提前终止。如果1'S或集合位是稀疏的且在最低有效位之间，则很有用。

这是在golang中的实现

func CountBitSet(n int) int {


    count := 0
    for n > 0 {
      count += n & 1
      n >>= 1

    }
    return count
}

一个简单的方法，应该工作得很好少量的比特它像这样(在这个例子中的4位):

(i & 1) + (i & 2)/2 + (i & 4)/4 + (i & 8)/8

对于少量的比特，其他人会推荐这种简单的解决方案吗?

def hammingWeight(n):
    count = 0
    while n:
        if n&1:
            count += 1
        n >>= 1
    return count

// How about the following:
public int CountBits(int value)
{
    int count = 0;
    while (value > 0)
    {
        if (value & 1)
            count++;
        value <<= 1;
    }
    return count;
}