下面这个简单的函数非常好用:

  usePackage<-function(p){
      # load a package if installed, else load after installation.
      # Args:
      #   p: package name in quotes

      if (!is.element(p, installed.packages()[,1])){
        print(paste('Package:',p,'Not found, Installing Now...'))
        install.packages(p, dep = TRUE)}
      print(paste('Loading Package :',p))
      require(p, character.only = TRUE)  
    }

(不是我的，一段时间前在网上找到了这个，从那时起就一直在使用它。不确定原始来源)

非常基本的一个。

pkgs = c("pacman","data.table")
if(length(new.pkgs <- setdiff(pkgs, rownames(installed.packages())))) install.packages(new.pkgs)

pckg=c("shiny","ggplot2","dplyr","leaflet","lubridate","RColorBrewer","plotly","DT","shinythemes")

for(i in 1:length(pckg)) 
   {
      print(pckg[i])
      if (!is.element(pckg[i], installed.packages()[,1]))
      install.packages(pckg[i], dep = TRUE)
      require(pckg[i], character.only = TRUE)
}

我已经实现了无声安装和加载所需R包的功能。希望也许会有所帮助。代码如下:

# Function to Install and Load R Packages
Install_And_Load <- function(Required_Packages)
{
    Remaining_Packages <- Required_Packages[!(Required_Packages %in% installed.packages()[,"Package"])];

    if(length(Remaining_Packages)) 
    {
        install.packages(Remaining_Packages);
    }
    for(package_name in Required_Packages)
    {
        library(package_name,character.only=TRUE,quietly=TRUE);
    }
}

# Specify the list of required packages to be installed and load    
Required_Packages=c("ggplot2", "Rcpp");

# Call the Function
Install_And_Load(Required_Packages);

此解决方案将获取包名的字符向量并尝试加载它们，或者在加载失败时安装它们。它依赖于require的返回行为来做到这一点，因为…

Require返回(不可见的)一个逻辑，指示所需的包是否可用

因此，我们可以简单地查看是否能够加载所需的包，如果不能，则使用依赖项安装它。所以给定一个你想要加载的包的字符向量…

foo <- function(x){
  for( i in x ){
    #  require returns TRUE invisibly if it was able to load package
    if( ! require( i , character.only = TRUE ) ){
      #  If package was not able to be loaded then re-install
      install.packages( i , dependencies = TRUE )
      #  Load package after installing
      require( i , character.only = TRUE )
    }
  }
}

#  Then try/install packages...
foo( c("ggplot2" , "reshape2" , "data.table" ) )

使用packrat使共享库完全相同，而不会改变其他环境。

就优雅和最佳实践而言，我认为你从根本上走错了方向。打包程序就是为这些问题而设计的。它是由RStudio由Hadley Wickham开发的。packrat使用自己的目录，将您的程序的所有依赖项安装在其中，而不涉及别人的环境，这样他们就不必安装依赖项并可能弄乱别人的环境系统。

Packrat is a dependency management system for R. R package dependencies can be frustrating. Have you ever had to use trial-and-error to figure out what R packages you need to install to make someone else’s code work–and then been left with those packages globally installed forever, because now you’re not sure whether you need them? Have you ever updated a package to get code in one of your projects to work, only to find that the updated package makes code in another project stop working? We built packrat to solve these problems. Use packrat to make your R projects more: Isolated: Installing a new or updated package for one project won’t break your other projects, and vice versa. That’s because packrat gives each project its own private package library. Portable: Easily transport your projects from one computer to another, even across different platforms. Packrat makes it easy to install the packages your project depends on. Reproducible: Packrat records the exact package versions you depend on, and ensures those exact versions are the ones that get installed wherever you go.

https://rstudio.github.io/packrat/