类是引用类型，结构是值类型。 我说类是引用类型， 基本上，它们将包含实例变量的地址。

例如:

Class MyClass
{
    Public Int DataMember;  //By default, accessibility of class data members 
                            //will be private. So I am making it as Public which 
                            //can be accessed outside of the class.
}

在主要方法中， 我可以使用new操作符创建该类的实例，为该类分配内存 并将其基址存储到MyClass类型变量(_myClassObject2)中。

Static Public void Main (string[] arg)
{
    MyClass _myClassObject1 = new MyClass();
    _myClassObject1.DataMember = 10;

    MyClass _myClassObject2 = _myClassObject1;
    _myClassObject2.DataMember=20;
}

在上面的程序中， MyClass _myClassObject2 = _myClassObject1; 指令指示两个MyClass类型的变量

myClassObject1 myClassObject2

并将指向相同的内存位置。 它基本上将相同的内存位置分配给另一个相同类型的变量。

如果我们在MyClass类型的任何一个对象中做的任何改变都会对另一个产生影响 因为两者都指向相同的内存位置。

“_myClassObject1。在这一行，对象的两个数据成员都包含10的值。 “_myClassObject2。DataMember = 20;”在这一行，对象的数据成员都包含值20。 最后，我们通过指针访问对象的数据成员。

与类不同，结构是值类型。 例如:

Structure MyStructure
{
    Public Int DataMember;  //By default, accessibility of Structure data 
                            //members will be private. So I am making it as 
                            //Public which can be accessed out side of the structure.
}

Static Public void Main (string[] arg)
{
    MyStructure _myStructObject1 = new MyStructure();
    _myStructObject1.DataMember = 10;

    MyStructure _myStructObject2 = _myStructObject1;
    _myStructObject2.DataMember = 20;
}

在上面的程序中， 使用new操作符和实例化MyStructure类型的对象 将地址存储到MyStructure类型的_myStructObject变量中 使用"_myStructObject1 "将值10赋给结构的数据成员。DataMember = 10”。

下一行， 我声明了另一个MyStructure类型的变量_myStructObject2，并将_myStructObject1赋值给它。 这里。net c#编译器创建了_myStructureObject1对象的另一个副本 将该内存位置分配给MyStructure变量_myStructObject2。

因此，无论我们对_myStructObject1做了什么改变，都不会对另一个MyStructrue类型的变量_myStructObject2产生影响。 这就是为什么我们说结构是值类型。

class的直接基类是Object而Structure的直接基类是继承自Object的ValueType。 类将支持继承，而结构则不支持。

我们怎么能这么说呢? 这背后的原因是什么? 答案是类。

它可以是抽象的、密封的、静态的和局部的，不能是私有的、受保护的和内部的。

struct和class之间的主要区别是，在struct中只能声明不同数据类型的数据变量，而在class中可以声明数据变量和成员函数，因此可以通过函数操作数据变量。

-> another handy thing that i find in class vs struct is that while implementing files in a program if you want to make some operations of a struct again and again on every new set of operations you need to make a separate function and you need to pass object of struct after reading it from the file so as to make some operations on it . while in class if you make a function that does some operations on the data needed everytime..its easy you just have to read object from file and call the function..

但这取决于程序员认为哪种方式合适……对我来说，我更喜欢类，因为它支持oop，这就是它几乎在所有语言中实现的原因，它是所有编程的美妙特性;-)

是的，我忘记提到的最令人难忘的区别是类支持数据隐藏，也支持在内置数据类型上执行的操作，而struct不支持!

引用c++ FAQ，

[7.8] What's the difference between the keywords struct and class? The members and base classes of a struct are public by default, while in class, they default to private. Note: you should make your base classes explicitly public, private, or protected, rather than relying on the defaults. Struct and class are otherwise functionally equivalent. OK, enough of that squeaky clean techno talk. Emotionally, most developers make a strong distinction between a class and a struct. A struct simply feels like an open pile of bits with very little in the way of encapsulation or functionality. A class feels like a living and responsible member of society with intelligent services, a strong encapsulation barrier, and a well defined interface. Since that's the connotation most people already have, you should probably use the struct keyword if you have a class that has very few methods and has public data (such things do exist in well designed systems!), but otherwise you should probably use the class keyword.

. In classes all the members by default are private but in structure members are public by default. There is no term like constructor and destructor for structs, but for class compiler creates default if you don't provide. Sizeof empty structure is 0 Bytes wer as Sizeof empty class is 1 Byte The struct default access type is public. A struct should typically be used for grouping data. The class default access type is private, and the default mode for inheritance is private. A class should be used for grouping data and methods that operate on that data. In short, the convention is to use struct when the purpose is to group data, and use classes when we require data abstraction and, perhaps inheritance. In C++ structures and classes are passed by value, unless explicitly de-referenced. In other languages classes and structures may have distinct semantics - ie. objects (instances of classes) may be passed by reference and structures may be passed by value. Note: There are comments associated with this question. See the discussion page to add to the conversation.

您可以将此作为何时使用struct或class的指导方针，https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms229017%28v=vs.110%29.aspx。

的实例，考虑定义一个结构体而不是类 类型小，通常寿命短或通常嵌入 其他对象。 避免定义结构体，除非该类型具有所有的 以下特点: 它在逻辑上代表一个值， 类似于基本类型(int, double等)。 它有一个实例 大小小于16字节。 它是不可变的。 它不必被装箱 频繁。

其他答案提到了private/public默认值(但请注意，struct是类是struct;它们不是两个不同的项目，只是同一项目的两种定义方式)。

值得注意的是(特别是因为请求者提到“非托管”c++，所以很可能正在使用msvc++)，在某些情况下，如果一个类用class声明，然后用struct定义(或者可能相反)，visualc++会抱怨，尽管标准说这是完全合法的。