这个问题已经在c# /. net上下文中提出过了。
现在我想学习c++中结构体和类的区别。请讨论在OO设计中选择一种或另一种的技术差异以及原因。
我将从一个明显的区别开始:
如果没有指定public:或private:，结构体的成员默认为public;默认情况下，类的成员是私有的。
我敢肯定，在c++规范的晦涩角落里还会发现其他不同之处。
当前回答
引用c++ FAQ，
[7.8] What's the difference between the keywords struct and class? The members and base classes of a struct are public by default, while in class, they default to private. Note: you should make your base classes explicitly public, private, or protected, rather than relying on the defaults. Struct and class are otherwise functionally equivalent. OK, enough of that squeaky clean techno talk. Emotionally, most developers make a strong distinction between a class and a struct. A struct simply feels like an open pile of bits with very little in the way of encapsulation or functionality. A class feels like a living and responsible member of society with intelligent services, a strong encapsulation barrier, and a well defined interface. Since that's the connotation most people already have, you should probably use the struct keyword if you have a class that has very few methods and has public data (such things do exist in well designed systems!), but otherwise you should probably use the class keyword.
其他回答
我发现了另一个不同。如果在类中没有定义构造函数，编译器将定义一个。但是在struct中，如果你没有定义构造函数，编译器也不会定义构造函数。因此，在某些情况下，我们确实不需要构造函数，struct是一个更好的选择(性能技巧)。 对不起，我的英语不好。
. In classes all the members by default are private but in structure members are public by default. There is no term like constructor and destructor for structs, but for class compiler creates default if you don't provide. Sizeof empty structure is 0 Bytes wer as Sizeof empty class is 1 Byte The struct default access type is public. A struct should typically be used for grouping data. The class default access type is private, and the default mode for inheritance is private. A class should be used for grouping data and methods that operate on that data. In short, the convention is to use struct when the purpose is to group data, and use classes when we require data abstraction and, perhaps inheritance. In C++ structures and classes are passed by value, unless explicitly de-referenced. In other languages classes and structures may have distinct semantics - ie. objects (instances of classes) may be passed by reference and structures may be passed by value. Note: There are comments associated with this question. See the discussion page to add to the conversation.
唯一的其他区别是类和结构的默认继承，不出意外，它们分别是私有和公共的。
虽然其他答案暗示了这一点，但并没有明确提到——结构体是与C兼容的，这取决于用法;课程不是。
这意味着如果你想要编写一个与C兼容的头文件，那么除了struct(在C世界中不能有函数;但可以有函数指针)。
这只是一种惯例。可以创建结构来保存简单的数据，但稍后会随着成员函数和构造函数的添加而发展。另一方面，在struct中看到public: access之外的东西是不寻常的。
