我见过很多人使用以下代码:
Type t = obj1.GetType();
if (t == typeof(int))
// Some code here
但我知道你也可以这样做:
if (obj1.GetType() == typeof(int))
// Some code here
或者这个:
if (obj1 is int)
// Some code here
就我个人而言,我觉得最后一个是最干净的,但我有什么遗漏吗?哪一个最好用,还是个人喜好?
我更喜欢的是
也就是说,如果你使用的是is,你很可能没有正确使用继承。
假设那个人:实体,那个动物:实体。Feed是Entity中的一种虚拟方法(让Neil开心)
class Person
{
// A Person should be able to Feed
// another Entity, but they way he feeds
// each is different
public override void Feed( Entity e )
{
if( e is Person )
{
// feed me
}
else if( e is Animal )
{
// ruff
}
}
}
相当地
class Person
{
public override void Feed( Person p )
{
// feed the person
}
public override void Feed( Animal a )
{
// feed the animal
}
}
我有一个要比较的Type属性,无法使用它(例如my_Type是_BaseTypetoLookFor),但我可以使用这些属性:
base_type.IsInstanceOfType(derived_object);
base_type.IsAssignableFrom(derived_type);
derived_type.IsSubClassOf(base_type);
请注意,在比较相同类型时,IsInstanceOfType和IsAssignableFrom返回true,其中IsSubClassOf将返回false。IsSubclassOf不适用于接口,而其他两个则适用
public class Animal {}
public interface ITrainable {}
public class Dog : Animal, ITrainable{}
Animal dog = new Dog();
typeof(Animal).IsInstanceOfType(dog); // true
typeof(Dog).IsInstanceOfType(dog); // true
typeof(ITrainable).IsInstanceOfType(dog); // true
typeof(Animal).IsAssignableFrom(dog.GetType()); // true
typeof(Dog).IsAssignableFrom(dog.GetType()); // true
typeof(ITrainable).IsAssignableFrom(dog.GetType()); // true
dog.GetType().IsSubclassOf(typeof(Animal)); // true
dog.GetType().IsSubclassOf(typeof(Dog)); // false
dog.GetType().IsSubclassOf(typeof(ITrainable)); // false
性能测试类型of()与GetType():
using System;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
enum TestEnum { E1, E2, E3 }
static void Main(string[] args)
{
{
var start = DateTime.UtcNow;
for (var i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++)
Test1(TestEnum.E2);
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.UtcNow - start);
}
{
var start = DateTime.UtcNow;
for (var i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++)
Test2(TestEnum.E2);
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.UtcNow - start);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
static Type Test1<T>(T value) => typeof(T);
static Type Test2(object value) => value.GetType();
}
}
调试模式下的结果:
00:00:08.4096636
00:00:10.8570657
释放模式下的结果:
00:00:02.3799048
00:00:07.1797128
用于获取类型的System.Type对象。表达式类型采用以下形式:
System.Type type = typeof(int);
Example:
public class ExampleClass
{
public int sampleMember;
public void SampleMethod() {}
static void Main()
{
Type t = typeof(ExampleClass);
// Alternatively, you could use
// ExampleClass obj = new ExampleClass();
// Type t = obj.GetType();
Console.WriteLine("Methods:");
System.Reflection.MethodInfo[] methodInfo = t.GetMethods();
foreach (System.Reflection.MethodInfo mInfo in methodInfo)
Console.WriteLine(mInfo.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("Members:");
System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] memberInfo = t.GetMembers();
foreach (System.Reflection.MemberInfo mInfo in memberInfo)
Console.WriteLine(mInfo.ToString());
}
}
/*
Output:
Methods:
Void SampleMethod()
System.String ToString()
Boolean Equals(System.Object)
Int32 GetHashCode()
System.Type GetType()
Members:
Void SampleMethod()
System.String ToString()
Boolean Equals(System.Object)
Int32 GetHashCode()
System.Type GetType()
Void .ctor()
Int32 sampleMember
*/
此示例使用GetType方法确定用于包含数值计算结果的类型。这取决于生成的数字的存储要求。
class GetTypeTest
{
static void Main()
{
int radius = 3;
Console.WriteLine("Area = {0}", radius * radius * Math.PI);
Console.WriteLine("The type is {0}",
(radius * radius * Math.PI).GetType()
);
}
}
/*
Output:
Area = 28.2743338823081
The type is System.Double
*/
我更喜欢的是
也就是说,如果你使用的是is,你很可能没有正确使用继承。
假设那个人:实体,那个动物:实体。Feed是Entity中的一种虚拟方法(让Neil开心)
class Person
{
// A Person should be able to Feed
// another Entity, but they way he feeds
// each is different
public override void Feed( Entity e )
{
if( e is Person )
{
// feed me
}
else if( e is Animal )
{
// ruff
}
}
}
相当地
class Person
{
public override void Feed( Person p )
{
// feed the person
}
public override void Feed( Animal a )
{
// feed the animal
}
}