将按钮替换为另一个答案中建议的自定义按钮可能不是一个好主意，因为您将失去默认的行为和样式。

另一个选择是在视图控制器上实现viewWillDisappear方法，并检查名为isMovingFromParentViewController的属性。如果那个属性为真，它意味着视图控制器正在消失，因为它正在被移除(弹出)。

应该是这样的:

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillDisappear(animated)

    if self.isMovingFromParentViewController {
        // Your code...
    }
}

在swift 4.2中

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillDisappear(animated)

    if self.isMovingFromParent {
        // Your code...
    }
}

我创建了这个(swift)类来创建一个完全像常规按钮一样的返回按钮，包括返回箭头。它可以创建带有常规文本或图像的按钮。

使用

weak var weakSelf = self

// Assign back button with back arrow and text (exactly like default back button)
navigationItem.leftBarButtonItems = CustomBackButton.createWithText("YourBackButtonTitle", color: UIColor.yourColor(), target: weakSelf, action: #selector(YourViewController.tappedBackButton))

// Assign back button with back arrow and image
navigationItem.leftBarButtonItems = CustomBackButton.createWithImage(UIImage(named: "yourImageName")!, color: UIColor.yourColor(), target: weakSelf, action: #selector(YourViewController.tappedBackButton))

func tappedBackButton() {

    // Do your thing

    self.navigationController!.popViewControllerAnimated(true)
}

自定义后退按钮类

(使用Sketch & Paintcode插件绘制后退箭头的代码)

class CustomBackButton: NSObject {

    class func createWithText(text: String, color: UIColor, target: AnyObject?, action: Selector) -> [UIBarButtonItem] {
        let negativeSpacer = UIBarButtonItem(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.FixedSpace, target: nil, action: nil)
        negativeSpacer.width = -8
        let backArrowImage = imageOfBackArrow(color: color)
        let backArrowButton = UIBarButtonItem(image: backArrowImage, style: UIBarButtonItemStyle.Plain, target: target, action: action)
        let backTextButton = UIBarButtonItem(title: text, style: UIBarButtonItemStyle.Plain , target: target, action: action)
        backTextButton.setTitlePositionAdjustment(UIOffset(horizontal: -12.0, vertical: 0.0), forBarMetrics: UIBarMetrics.Default)
        return [negativeSpacer, backArrowButton, backTextButton]
    }

    class func createWithImage(image: UIImage, color: UIColor, target: AnyObject?, action: Selector) -> [UIBarButtonItem] {
        // recommended maximum image height 22 points (i.e. 22 @1x, 44 @2x, 66 @3x)
        let negativeSpacer = UIBarButtonItem(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.FixedSpace, target: nil, action: nil)
        negativeSpacer.width = -8
        let backArrowImageView = UIImageView(image: imageOfBackArrow(color: color))
        let backImageView = UIImageView(image: image)
        let customBarButton = UIButton(frame: CGRectMake(0,0,22 + backImageView.frame.width,22))
        backImageView.frame = CGRectMake(22, 0, backImageView.frame.width, backImageView.frame.height)
        customBarButton.addSubview(backArrowImageView)
        customBarButton.addSubview(backImageView)
        customBarButton.addTarget(target, action: action, forControlEvents: .TouchUpInside)
        return [negativeSpacer, UIBarButtonItem(customView: customBarButton)]
    }

    private class func drawBackArrow(frame frame: CGRect = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 14, height: 22), color: UIColor = UIColor(hue: 0.59, saturation: 0.674, brightness: 0.886, alpha: 1), resizing: ResizingBehavior = .AspectFit) {
        /// General Declarations
        let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!

        /// Resize To Frame
        CGContextSaveGState(context)
        let resizedFrame = resizing.apply(rect: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 14, height: 22), target: frame)
        CGContextTranslateCTM(context, resizedFrame.minX, resizedFrame.minY)
        let resizedScale = CGSize(width: resizedFrame.width / 14, height: resizedFrame.height / 22)
        CGContextScaleCTM(context, resizedScale.width, resizedScale.height)

        /// Line
        let line = UIBezierPath()
        line.moveToPoint(CGPoint(x: 9, y: 9))
        line.addLineToPoint(CGPoint.zero)
        CGContextSaveGState(context)
        CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 3, 11)
        line.lineCapStyle = .Square
        line.lineWidth = 3
        color.setStroke()
        line.stroke()
        CGContextRestoreGState(context)

        /// Line Copy
        let lineCopy = UIBezierPath()
        lineCopy.moveToPoint(CGPoint(x: 9, y: 0))
        lineCopy.addLineToPoint(CGPoint(x: 0, y: 9))
        CGContextSaveGState(context)
        CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 3, 2)
        lineCopy.lineCapStyle = .Square
        lineCopy.lineWidth = 3
        color.setStroke()
        lineCopy.stroke()
        CGContextRestoreGState(context)

        CGContextRestoreGState(context)
    }

    private class func imageOfBackArrow(size size: CGSize = CGSize(width: 14, height: 22), color: UIColor = UIColor(hue: 0.59, saturation: 0.674, brightness: 0.886, alpha: 1), resizing: ResizingBehavior = .AspectFit) -> UIImage {
        var image: UIImage

        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(size, false, 0)
        drawBackArrow(frame: CGRect(origin: CGPoint.zero, size: size), color: color, resizing: resizing)
        image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

        return image
    }

    private enum ResizingBehavior {
        case AspectFit /// The content is proportionally resized to fit into the target rectangle.
        case AspectFill /// The content is proportionally resized to completely fill the target rectangle.
        case Stretch /// The content is stretched to match the entire target rectangle.
        case Center /// The content is centered in the target rectangle, but it is NOT resized.

        func apply(rect rect: CGRect, target: CGRect) -> CGRect {
            if rect == target || target == CGRect.zero {
                return rect
            }

            var scales = CGSize.zero
            scales.width = abs(target.width / rect.width)
            scales.height = abs(target.height / rect.height)

            switch self {
                case .AspectFit:
                    scales.width = min(scales.width, scales.height)
                    scales.height = scales.width
                case .AspectFill:
                    scales.width = max(scales.width, scales.height)
                    scales.height = scales.width
                case .Stretch:
                    break
                case .Center:
                    scales.width = 1
                    scales.height = 1
            }

            var result = rect.standardized
            result.size.width *= scales.width
            result.size.height *= scales.height
            result.origin.x = target.minX + (target.width - result.width) / 2
            result.origin.y = target.minY + (target.height - result.height) / 2
            return result
        }
    }
}

斯威夫特3.0

class CustomBackButton: NSObject {

    class func createWithText(text: String, color: UIColor, target: AnyObject?, action: Selector) -> [UIBarButtonItem] {
        let negativeSpacer = UIBarButtonItem(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.fixedSpace, target: nil, action: nil)
        negativeSpacer.width = -8
        let backArrowImage = imageOfBackArrow(color: color)
        let backArrowButton = UIBarButtonItem(image: backArrowImage, style: UIBarButtonItemStyle.plain, target: target, action: action)
        let backTextButton = UIBarButtonItem(title: text, style: UIBarButtonItemStyle.plain , target: target, action: action)
        backTextButton.setTitlePositionAdjustment(UIOffset(horizontal: -12.0, vertical: 0.0), for: UIBarMetrics.default)
        return [negativeSpacer, backArrowButton, backTextButton]
    }

    class func createWithImage(image: UIImage, color: UIColor, target: AnyObject?, action: Selector) -> [UIBarButtonItem] {
        // recommended maximum image height 22 points (i.e. 22 @1x, 44 @2x, 66 @3x)
        let negativeSpacer = UIBarButtonItem(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.fixedSpace, target: nil, action: nil)
        negativeSpacer.width = -8
        let backArrowImageView = UIImageView(image: imageOfBackArrow(color: color))
        let backImageView = UIImageView(image: image)
        let customBarButton = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 22 + backImageView.frame.width, height: 22))
        backImageView.frame = CGRect(x: 22, y: 0, width: backImageView.frame.width, height: backImageView.frame.height)
        customBarButton.addSubview(backArrowImageView)
        customBarButton.addSubview(backImageView)
        customBarButton.addTarget(target, action: action, for: .touchUpInside)
        return [negativeSpacer, UIBarButtonItem(customView: customBarButton)]
    }

    private class func drawBackArrow(_ frame: CGRect = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 14, height: 22), color: UIColor = UIColor(hue: 0.59, saturation: 0.674, brightness: 0.886, alpha: 1), resizing: ResizingBehavior = .AspectFit) {
        /// General Declarations
        let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!

        /// Resize To Frame
        context.saveGState()
        let resizedFrame = resizing.apply(CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 14, height: 22), target: frame)
        context.translateBy(x: resizedFrame.minX, y: resizedFrame.minY)
        let resizedScale = CGSize(width: resizedFrame.width / 14, height: resizedFrame.height / 22)
        context.scaleBy(x: resizedScale.width, y: resizedScale.height)

        /// Line
        let line = UIBezierPath()
        line.move(to: CGPoint(x: 9, y: 9))
        line.addLine(to: CGPoint.zero)
        context.saveGState()
        context.translateBy(x: 3, y: 11)
        line.lineCapStyle = .square
        line.lineWidth = 3
        color.setStroke()
        line.stroke()
        context.restoreGState()

        /// Line Copy
        let lineCopy = UIBezierPath()
        lineCopy.move(to: CGPoint(x: 9, y: 0))
        lineCopy.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 0, y: 9))
        context.saveGState()
        context.translateBy(x: 3, y: 2)
        lineCopy.lineCapStyle = .square
        lineCopy.lineWidth = 3
        color.setStroke()
        lineCopy.stroke()
        context.restoreGState()

        context.restoreGState()
    }

    private class func imageOfBackArrow(_ size: CGSize = CGSize(width: 14, height: 22), color: UIColor = UIColor(hue: 0.59, saturation: 0.674, brightness: 0.886, alpha: 1), resizing: ResizingBehavior = .AspectFit) -> UIImage {
        var image: UIImage

        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(size, false, 0)
        drawBackArrow(CGRect(origin: CGPoint.zero, size: size), color: color, resizing: resizing)
        image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()!
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

        return image
    }

    private enum ResizingBehavior {
        case AspectFit /// The content is proportionally resized to fit into the target rectangle.
        case AspectFill /// The content is proportionally resized to completely fill the target rectangle.
        case Stretch /// The content is stretched to match the entire target rectangle.
        case Center /// The content is centered in the target rectangle, but it is NOT resized.

        func apply(_ rect: CGRect, target: CGRect) -> CGRect {
            if rect == target || target == CGRect.zero {
                return rect
            }

            var scales = CGSize.zero
            scales.width = abs(target.width / rect.width)
            scales.height = abs(target.height / rect.height)

            switch self {
            case .AspectFit:
                scales.width = min(scales.width, scales.height)
                scales.height = scales.width
            case .AspectFill:
                scales.width = max(scales.width, scales.height)
                scales.height = scales.width
            case .Stretch:
                break
            case .Center:
                scales.width = 1
                scales.height = 1
            }

            var result = rect.standardized
            result.size.width *= scales.width
            result.size.height *= scales.height
            result.origin.x = target.minX + (target.width - result.width) / 2
            result.origin.y = target.minY + (target.height - result.height) / 2
            return result
        }
    }
}

这并不像我们想象的那么难。只需要为UIButton创建一个背景颜色清晰的框架，为按钮分配动作，并放置在导航栏后退按钮上。最后在使用后取下按钮。

这是Swift 3 用UIImage代替UIButton的示例代码

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    let imageView = UIImageView()
    imageView.backgroundColor = UIColor.clear
    imageView.frame = CGRect(x:0,y:0,width:2*(self.navigationController?.navigationBar.bounds.height)!,height:(self.navigationController?.navigationBar.bounds.height)!)
    let tapGestureRecognizer = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(back(sender:)))
    imageView.isUserInteractionEnabled = true
    imageView.addGestureRecognizer(tapGestureRecognizer)
    imageView.tag = 1
    self.navigationController?.navigationBar.addSubview(imageView)
    }

编写需要执行的代码

func back(sender: UIBarButtonItem) {

    // Perform your custom actions}
    _ = self.navigationController?.popViewController(animated: true)

    }

执行操作后删除子视图

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillDisappear(animated)

    for view in (self.navigationController?.navigationBar.subviews)!{
        if view.tag == 1 {
            view.removeFromSuperview()
        }
    }

你可以在视图控制器中做一些事情

override func navigationShouldPopOnBackButton() -> Bool {
    self.backAction() //Your action you want to perform.
    return true
}

完整回答使用 当导航条上的“后退”按钮被按下时进行检测

将按钮替换为另一个答案中建议的自定义按钮可能不是一个好主意，因为您将失去默认的行为和样式。

另一个选择是在视图控制器上实现viewWillDisappear方法，并检查名为isMovingFromParentViewController的属性。如果那个属性为真，它意味着视图控制器正在消失，因为它正在被移除(弹出)。

应该是这样的:

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillDisappear(animated)

    if self.isMovingFromParentViewController {
        // Your code...
    }
}

在swift 4.2中

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillDisappear(animated)

    if self.isMovingFromParent {
        // Your code...
    }
}

斯威夫特4.2:

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillDisappear(animated)

    if self.isMovingFromParent {
        // Your code...

    }
}