“简短版本:将您的生产数据库转储到git存储库中，以实现即时备份解决方案。”

数据库本身?没有

创建它们的脚本，包括静态数据插入、存储过程等;当然可以。它们是文本文件，它们包含在项目中，像其他东西一样签入和签出。

当然，在理想情况下，您的数据库管理工具可以做到这一点;但你必须遵守纪律。

My team versions our database schema as C# classes with the rest of our code. We have a homegrown C# program (<500 lines of code) that reflects the classes and creates SQL commands to build, drop and update the database. After creating the database we run sqlmetal to generate a linq mapping, which is then compiled in another project that is used to generate test data. The whole things works really well because data access is checked at compile time. We like it because the schema is stored in a .cs file which is easy to track compare in trac/svn.

我已经使用RedGate SQL Compare Pro与脚本文件夹进行模式同步，然后我将所有更新提交给版本控制。效果很好。

A big problem, often overlooked, is that for larger web based systems, it is required to have a transitional period or bucket testing approach to making new releases. This makes it essential to have both rollback and a mechanism for supporting both the old and new schema in the same DB. This requires a scaffolding approach (made populist by the Agile DB folks). In this scenario, lack of process in DB source control can be a total disaster. You need old schema scripts, new schema scripts and a set of intermediate scripts, as well as a tidy up, once the system is fully on the new version (or rolled back).

需要的不是从头开始重新创建模式的脚本，而是一种基于状态的方法，在这种方法中，您只需要脚本将DB从一个版本移动到另一个版本，向前或向后移动到所需的状态。您的DB变成了一系列状态脚本，可以轻松地对其进行源代码控制，并与源代码的其余部分一起标记。

我相信每个DB都应该在源代码控制下，开发人员应该有一种简单的方法从头创建他们的本地数据库。受Visual Studio for Database Professionals的启发，我创建了一个开源工具，脚本MS SQL数据库，并提供了一种简单的方法将它们部署到您的本地DB引擎。试试http://dbsourcetools.codeplex.com/。玩得开心, -内森。