我有一个基本的字典如下:
sample = {}
sample['title'] = "String"
sample['somedate'] = somedatetimehere
当我尝试做jsonify(sample)时，我得到:
TypeError: datetime.datetime(2012, 8, 8, 21, 46, 24, 862000) is not JSON serializable
我该怎么做才能使我的字典样本克服上面的错误呢?
注意:虽然它可能不相关，字典是从mongodb的记录检索中生成的，当我打印出str(sample['somedate'])时，输出是2012-08-08 21:46:24.862000。
当前回答
最简单的方法是将字典中datetime格式的部分更改为isoformat。这个值实际上是一个isoformat的字符串，json可以接受。
v_dict = version.dict()
v_dict['created_at'] = v_dict['created_at'].isoformat()
其他回答
以下是我的解决方案:
import json
class DatetimeEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
def default(self, obj):
try:
return super().default(obj)
except TypeError:
return str(obj)
然后你可以这样使用它:
json.dumps(dictionnary, cls=DatetimeEncoder)
我的解决方案是……
from datetime import datetime
import json
from pytz import timezone
import pytz
def json_dt_serializer(obj):
"""JSON serializer, by macm.
"""
rsp = dict()
if isinstance(obj, datetime):
rsp['day'] = obj.day
rsp['hour'] = obj.hour
rsp['microsecond'] = obj.microsecond
rsp['minute'] = obj.minute
rsp['month'] = obj.month
rsp['second'] = obj.second
rsp['year'] = obj.year
rsp['tzinfo'] = str(obj.tzinfo)
return rsp
raise TypeError("Type not serializable")
def json_dt_deserialize(obj):
"""JSON deserialize from json_dt_serializer, by macm.
"""
if isinstance(obj, str):
obj = json.loads(obj)
tzone = timezone(obj['tzinfo'])
tmp_dt = datetime(obj['year'],
obj['month'],
obj['day'],
hour=obj['hour'],
minute=obj['minute'],
second=obj['second'],
microsecond=obj['microsecond'])
loc_dt = tzone.localize(tmp_dt)
deserialize = loc_dt.astimezone(tzone)
return deserialize
好，现在来做一些测试。
# Tests
now = datetime.now(pytz.utc)
# Using this solution
rsp = json_dt_serializer(now)
tmp = json_dt_deserialize(rsp)
assert tmp == now
assert isinstance(tmp, datetime) == True
assert isinstance(now, datetime) == True
# using default from json.dumps
tmp = json.dumps(datetime.now(pytz.utc), default=json_dt_serializer)
rsp = json_dt_deserialize(tmp)
assert isinstance(rsp, datetime) == True
# Lets try another timezone
eastern = timezone('US/Eastern')
now = datetime.now(eastern)
rsp = json_dt_serializer(now)
tmp = json_dt_deserialize(rsp)
print(tmp)
# 2015-10-22 09:18:33.169302-04:00
print(now)
# 2015-10-22 09:18:33.169302-04:00
# Wow, Works!
assert tmp == now
根据@jjmontes的回答，我使用了以下方法。 适用于flask和flask-rest用户
# get json string
jsonStr = json.dumps(my_dictionary, indent=1, sort_keys=True, default=str)
# then covert json string to json object
return json.loads(jsonStr)
def j_serial(o): # self contained
from datetime import datetime, date
return str(o).split('.')[0] if isinstance(o, (datetime, date)) else None
以上用途的使用:
import datetime
serial_d = j_serial(datetime.datetime.now())
if serial_d:
print(serial_d) # output: 2018-02-28 02:23:15
您应该在.datetime.now()方法上应用.strftime()方法，使其成为一个可序列化的方法。
这里有一个例子:
from datetime import datetime
time_dict = {'time': datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')}
sample_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
sample_dict.update(time_dict)
sample_dict
输出:
Out[0]: {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'time': '2017-10-31T15:16:30'}
(更新):
在Python3.7及以后版本中，你可以简单地使用.isoformat()方法:
from datetime import datetime
datetime.now().isoformat()
