如果你在通信的双方，你可以使用repr()和eval()函数和json。

import datetime, json

dt = datetime.datetime.now()
print("This is now: {}".format(dt))

dt1 = json.dumps(repr(dt))
print("This is serialised: {}".format(dt1))

dt2 = json.loads(dt1)
print("This is loaded back from json: {}".format(dt2))

dt3 = eval(dt2)
print("This is the same object as we started: {}".format(dt3))

print("Check if they are equal: {}".format(dt == dt3))

您不应该导入datetime as

from datetime import datetime

因为eval会报错。或者您可以将datetime作为参数传递给eval。在任何情况下，这都是可行的。

您必须使用json.dumps的cls参数提供一个自定义编码器类。引用文件中的内容:

>>> import json
>>> class ComplexEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
...     def default(self, obj):
...         if isinstance(obj, complex):
...             return [obj.real, obj.imag]
...         return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
...
>>> dumps(2 + 1j, cls=ComplexEncoder)
'[2.0, 1.0]'
>>> ComplexEncoder().encode(2 + 1j)
'[2.0, 1.0]'
>>> list(ComplexEncoder().iterencode(2 + 1j))
['[', '2.0', ', ', '1.0', ']']

这里使用了复数作为示例，但是您也可以轻松地创建一个类来编码日期(除了我认为JSON对于日期有点模糊)

我的解决方案是……

from datetime import datetime
import json

from pytz import timezone
import pytz


def json_dt_serializer(obj):
    """JSON serializer, by macm.
    """
    rsp = dict()
    if isinstance(obj, datetime):
        rsp['day'] = obj.day
        rsp['hour'] = obj.hour
        rsp['microsecond'] = obj.microsecond
        rsp['minute'] = obj.minute
        rsp['month'] = obj.month
        rsp['second'] = obj.second
        rsp['year'] = obj.year
        rsp['tzinfo'] = str(obj.tzinfo)
        return rsp
    raise TypeError("Type not serializable")


def json_dt_deserialize(obj):
    """JSON deserialize from json_dt_serializer, by macm.
    """
    if isinstance(obj, str):
        obj = json.loads(obj)
    tzone = timezone(obj['tzinfo'])
    tmp_dt = datetime(obj['year'],
                      obj['month'],
                      obj['day'],
                      hour=obj['hour'],
                      minute=obj['minute'],
                      second=obj['second'],
                      microsecond=obj['microsecond'])
    loc_dt = tzone.localize(tmp_dt)
    deserialize = loc_dt.astimezone(tzone)
    return deserialize    

好，现在来做一些测试。

# Tests
now = datetime.now(pytz.utc)

# Using this solution
rsp = json_dt_serializer(now)
tmp = json_dt_deserialize(rsp)
assert tmp == now
assert isinstance(tmp, datetime) == True
assert isinstance(now, datetime) == True

# using default from json.dumps
tmp = json.dumps(datetime.now(pytz.utc), default=json_dt_serializer)
rsp = json_dt_deserialize(tmp)
assert isinstance(rsp, datetime) == True

# Lets try another timezone
eastern = timezone('US/Eastern')
now = datetime.now(eastern)
rsp = json_dt_serializer(now)
tmp = json_dt_deserialize(rsp)

print(tmp)
# 2015-10-22 09:18:33.169302-04:00

print(now)
# 2015-10-22 09:18:33.169302-04:00

# Wow, Works!
assert tmp == now

将日期转换为字符串

sample['somedate'] = str( datetime.utcnow() )

最简单的方法是将字典中datetime格式的部分更改为isoformat。这个值实际上是一个isoformat的字符串，json可以接受。

v_dict = version.dict()
v_dict['created_at'] = v_dict['created_at'].isoformat()

我有一个类似问题的应用程序;我的方法是将datetime值JSONize为一个6项列表(年、月、日、小时、分钟、秒);你可以以微秒为单位列出7个项目，但我不需要这样做:

class DateTimeEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    def default(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime):
            encoded_object = list(obj.timetuple())[0:6]
        else:
            encoded_object =json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
        return encoded_object

sample = {}
sample['title'] = "String"
sample['somedate'] = datetime.datetime.now()

print sample
print json.dumps(sample, cls=DateTimeEncoder)

生产:

{'somedate': datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 1, 16, 22, 45, 890000), 'title': 'String'}
{"somedate": [2013, 8, 1, 16, 22, 45], "title": "String"}