android SDK中有一个默认的util: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/util/TypedValue.html

float resultPix = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP,1,getResources().getDisplayMetrics())

将dp转换为像素

public static int dp2px(Resources resource, int dp) {
    return (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(
        TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP,
        dp,resource.getDisplayMetrics()
    );
}

将像素转换为dp。

public static float px2dp(Resources resource, float px)  {
    return (float)TypedValue.applyDimension(
        TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_PX,
        px,
        resource.getDisplayMetrics()
    );
}

其中resource为context.getResources()。

如果你在开发一个性能关键的应用程序，请考虑以下优化类:

public final class DimensionUtils {

    private static boolean isInitialised = false;
    private static float pixelsPerOneDp;

    // Suppress default constructor for noninstantiability.
    private DimensionUtils() {
        throw new AssertionError();
    }

    private static void initialise(View view) {
        pixelsPerOneDp = view.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi / 160f;
        isInitialised = true;
    }

    public static float pxToDp(View view, float px) {
        if (!isInitialised) {
            initialise(view);
        }

        return px / pixelsPerOneDp;
    }

    public static float dpToPx(View view, float dp) {
        if (!isInitialised) {
            initialise(view);
        }

        return dp * pixelsPerOneDp;
    }
}

更优雅的方法是使用kotlin的扩展函数

/**
 * Converts dp to pixel
 */
val Int.dpToPx: Int get() = (this * Resources.getSystem().displayMetrics.density).toInt()

/**
 * Converts pixel to dp
 */
val Int.pxToDp: Int get() = (this / Resources.getSystem().displayMetrics.density).toInt()

用法:

println("16 dp in pixel: ${16.dpToPx}")
println("16 px in dp: ${16.pxToDp}")

/**
 * This method converts dp unit to equivalent pixels, depending on device density. 
 * 
 * @param dp A value in dp (density independent pixels) unit. Which we need to convert into pixels
 * @param context Context to get resources and device specific display metrics
 * @return A float value to represent px equivalent to dp depending on device density
 */
public static float convertDpToPixel(float dp, Context context){
    return dp * ((float) context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi / DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_DEFAULT);
}

/**
 * This method converts device specific pixels to density independent pixels.
 * 
 * @param px A value in px (pixels) unit. Which we need to convert into db
 * @param context Context to get resources and device specific display metrics
 * @return A float value to represent dp equivalent to px value
 */
public static float convertPixelsToDp(float px, Context context){
    return px / ((float) context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi / DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_DEFAULT);
}

最好的答案来自Android框架本身:只要使用这个等式…

public static int dpToPixels(final DisplayMetrics display_metrics, final float dps) {
    final float scale = display_metrics.density;
    return (int) (dps * scale + 0.5f);
}

(将dp转换为px)