虽然@coolscitist的回答对我来说是有效的，但也有一种方法不会让你的内核环境与完整的jupyter包+deps混淆。 它在ipython文档中有描述，(我怀疑)只有在非基础环境中运行笔记本服务器时才有必要。

conda activate name_of_your_kernel_env
conda install ipykernel
python -m ipykernel install --prefix=/home/your_username/.conda/envs/name_of_your_jupyter_server_env --name 'name_of_your_kernel_env'

你可以用

conda activate name_of_your_jupyter_server_env 
jupyter kernelspec list

对于conda 4.5.12，适用于我的是(我的虚拟环境被称为nwt)

conda create --name nwt python=3

之后，我需要激活虚拟环境并安装ipykernel

activate nwt
pip install ipykernel

那么对我有效的方法是:

python -m ipykernel install --user --name env_name --display-name "name of your choosing."

例如，我使用'nwt'作为虚拟env的显示名称。在运行上面的命令之后。再次在Anaconda Prompt中运行“jupyter notebook”。我得到的是:

我不得不运行前3个答案中提到的所有命令来让它工作:

conda install jupyter
conda install nb_conda
conda install ipykernel
python -m ipykernel install --user --name mykernel

This has been so frustrating, My problem was that within a newly constructed conda python36 environment, jupyter refused to load “seaborn” - even though seaborn was installed within that environment. It seemed to be able to import plenty of other files from the same environment — for example numpy and pandas but just not seaborn. I tried many of the fixes suggested here and on other threads without success. Until I realised that Jupyter was not running kernel python from within that environment but running the system python as kernel. Even though a decent looking kernel and kernel.json were already present in the environment. It was only after reading this part of the ipython documentation: https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install/kernel_install.html#kernels-for-different-environments and using these commands:

source activate other-env
python -m ipykernel install --user --name other-env --display-name "Python (other-env)"

我能让一切顺利进行。(我实际上没有使用-user变量)。

我还没有想到的一件事是如何将默认的python设置为“python (other-env)”。目前，从主屏幕打开的现有.ipynb文件将使用系统python。我必须使用内核菜单“更改内核”来选择环境python。

只要在你的新环境中运行conda install ipykernel，只有这样你才能得到一个带有这个env的内核。即使你在每个envs中安装了不同的版本，它也不会再次安装jupyter笔记本。你可以从任何环境开始你的笔记本，你将能够看到新添加的内核。

我只是想补充之前的答案:如果安装nb_conda_kernels, ipywidgets和ipekernel不能工作，请确保您的Jupyter版本是最新的。我的envs在一切正常工作一段时间后突然停止显示，并在我简单地通过anaconda navigator更新jupyter后恢复工作。