如何迭代由空格分隔的单词组成的字符串中的单词?

注意,我对C字符串函数或那种字符操作/访问不感兴趣。比起效率,我更喜欢优雅。我当前的解决方案:

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    string s = "Somewhere down the road";
    istringstream iss(s);

    do {
        string subs;
        iss >> subs;
        cout << "Substring: " << subs << endl;
    } while (iss);
}

当前回答

值得一提的是,这里有另一种从输入字符串中提取令牌的方法,仅依赖于标准库设施。这是STL设计背后力量和优雅的一个例子。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>

int main() {
    using namespace std;
    string sentence = "And I feel fine...";
    istringstream iss(sentence);
    copy(istream_iterator<string>(iss),
         istream_iterator<string>(),
         ostream_iterator<string>(cout, "\n"));
}

可以使用相同的通用复制算法将提取的令牌插入到容器中,而不是将其复制到输出流中。

vector<string> tokens;
copy(istream_iterator<string>(iss),
     istream_iterator<string>(),
     back_inserter(tokens));

…或直接创建矢量:

vector<string> tokens{istream_iterator<string>{iss},
                      istream_iterator<string>{}};

其他回答

这是我解决这个问题的方法:

vector<string> get_tokens(string str) {
    vector<string> dt;
    stringstream ss;
    string tmp; 
    ss << str;
    for (size_t i; !ss.eof(); ++i) {
        ss >> tmp;
        dt.push_back(tmp);
    }
    return dt;
}

此函数返回字符串向量。

对于一个大得离谱而且可能是冗余的版本,可以尝试很多For循环。

string stringlist[10];
int count = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < sequence.length(); i++)
{
    if (sequence[i] == ' ')
    {
        stringlist[count] = sequence.substr(0, i);
        sequence.erase(0, i+1);
        i = 0;
        count++;
    }
    else if (i == sequence.length()-1)  // Last word
    {
        stringlist[count] = sequence.substr(0, i+1);
    }
}

它并不漂亮,但总的来说(除了标点符号和一系列其他错误)它是有效的!

下面是一个更好的方法。它可以接受任何字符,除非您愿意,否则不会拆分行。不需要特殊的库(嗯,除了std,但谁真的认为这是一个额外的库),没有指针,没有引用,而且它是静态的。只是简单的C++。

#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;
class Helpers
{
    public:
        static vector<string> split(string s, char delim)
        {
            stringstream temp (stringstream::in | stringstream::out);
            vector<string> elems(0);
            if (s.size() == 0 || delim == 0)
                return elems;
            for(char c : s)
            {
                if(c == delim)
                {
                    elems.push_back(temp.str());
                    temp = stringstream(stringstream::in | stringstream::out);
                }
                else
                    temp << c;
            }
            if (temp.str().size() > 0)
                elems.push_back(temp.str());
                return elems;
            }

        //Splits string s with a list of delimiters in delims (it's just a list, like if we wanted to
        //split at the following letters, a, b, c we would make delims="abc".
        static vector<string> split(string s, string delims)
        {
            stringstream temp (stringstream::in | stringstream::out);
            vector<string> elems(0);
            bool found;
            if(s.size() == 0 || delims.size() == 0)
                return elems;
            for(char c : s)
            {
                found = false;
                for(char d : delims)
                {
                    if (c == d)
                    {
                        elems.push_back(temp.str());
                        temp = stringstream(stringstream::in | stringstream::out);
                        found = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if(!found)
                    temp << c;
            }
            if(temp.str().size() > 0)
                elems.push_back(temp.str());
            return elems;
        }
};

下面的代码使用strtok()将字符串拆分为标记,并将标记存储在向量中。

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

using namespace std;


char one_line_string[] = "hello hi how are you nice weather we are having ok then bye";
char seps[]   = " ,\t\n";
char *token;



int main()
{
   vector<string> vec_String_Lines;
   token = strtok( one_line_string, seps );

   cout << "Extracting and storing data in a vector..\n\n\n";

   while( token != NULL )
   {
      vec_String_Lines.push_back(token);
      token = strtok( NULL, seps );
   }
     cout << "Displaying end result in vector line storage..\n\n";

    for ( int i = 0; i < vec_String_Lines.size(); ++i)
    cout << vec_String_Lines[i] << "\n";
    cout << "\n\n\n";


return 0;
}

我刚刚写了一个很好的例子,说明如何按符号拆分一个字符,然后将每个字符数组(由符号分隔的单词)放入一个向量中。为了简单起见,我创建了std字符串的向量类型。

我希望这对你有帮助,并且对你可读。

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>

void push(std::vector<std::string> &WORDS, std::string &TMP){
    WORDS.push_back(TMP);
    TMP = "";
}
std::vector<std::string> mySplit(char STRING[]){
        std::vector<std::string> words;
        std::string s;
        for(unsigned short i = 0; i < strlen(STRING); i++){
            if(STRING[i] != ' '){
                s += STRING[i];
            }else{
                push(words, s);
            }
        }
        push(words, s);//Used to get last split
        return words;
}

int main(){
    char string[] = "My awesome string.";
    std::cout << mySplit(string)[2];
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}