我想从

['$a', '$b', '$c', '$d', '$e']

to

['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']

当前回答

假设您的数据集名称为df,df具有。

df = ['$a', '$b', '$c', '$d', '$e']`

所以,要重命名这些,我们只需这样做。

df.columns = ['a','b','c','d','e']

其他回答

# This way it will work
import pandas as pd

# Define a dictionary 
rankings = {'test': ['a'],
        'odi': ['E'],
        't20': ['P']}

# Convert the dictionary into DataFrame
rankings_pd = pd.DataFrame(rankings)

# Before renaming the columns
print(rankings_pd)

rankings_pd.rename(columns = {'test':'TEST'}, inplace = True)

许多panda函数都有一个就地参数。当设置为True时,转换将直接应用于调用它的数据帧。例如:

df = pd.DataFrame({'$a':[1,2], '$b': [3,4]})
df.rename(columns={'$a': 'a'}, inplace=True)
df.columns

>>> Index(['a', '$b'], dtype='object')

或者,在某些情况下,您希望保留原始数据帧。如果创建数据帧是一项昂贵的任务,我经常看到人们陷入这种情况。例如,如果创建数据帧需要查询雪花数据库。在这种情况下,只需确保将inplace参数设置为False。

df = pd.DataFrame({'$a':[1,2], '$b': [3,4]})
df2 = df.rename(columns={'$a': 'a'}, inplace=False)
df.columns

>>> Index(['$a', '$b'], dtype='object')

df2.columns

>>> Index(['a', '$b'], dtype='object')

如果这些类型的转换是您经常做的,那么您还可以研究一些不同的panda GUI工具。我是一个叫做水户的人的创造者。它是一个电子表格,可以自动将您的编辑转换为python代码。

只需将其分配给.columns属性:

>>> df = pd.DataFrame({'$a':[1,2], '$b': [10,20]})
>>> df
   $a  $b
0   1  10
1   2  20

>>> df.columns = ['a', 'b']
>>> df
   a   b
0  1  10
1  2  20

这里有一个我喜欢用来减少打字的漂亮小函数:

def rename(data, oldnames, newname):
    if type(oldnames) == str: # Input can be a string or list of strings
        oldnames = [oldnames] # When renaming multiple columns
        newname = [newname] # Make sure you pass the corresponding list of new names
    i = 0
    for name in oldnames:
        oldvar = [c for c in data.columns if name in c]
        if len(oldvar) == 0:
            raise ValueError("Sorry, couldn't find that column in the dataset")
        if len(oldvar) > 1: # Doesn't have to be an exact match
            print("Found multiple columns that matched " + str(name) + ": ")
            for c in oldvar:
                print(str(oldvar.index(c)) + ": " + str(c))
            ind = input('Please enter the index of the column you would like to rename: ')
            oldvar = oldvar[int(ind)]
        if len(oldvar) == 1:
            oldvar = oldvar[0]
        data = data.rename(columns = {oldvar : newname[i]})
        i += 1
    return data

下面是一个如何工作的示例:

In [2]: df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(0, 10, size=(10, 4)), columns = ['col1', 'col2', 'omg', 'idk'])
# First list = existing variables
# Second list = new names for those variables
In [3]: df = rename(df, ['col', 'omg'],['first', 'ohmy'])
Found multiple columns that matched col:
0: col1
1: col2

Please enter the index of the column you would like to rename: 0

In [4]: df.columns
Out[5]: Index(['first', 'col2', 'ohmy', 'idk'], dtype='object')

另一个选项是使用正则表达式重命名:

import pandas as pd
import re

df = pd.DataFrame({'$a':[1,2], '$b':[3,4], '$c':[5,6]})

df = df.rename(columns=lambda x: re.sub('\$','',x))
>>> df
   a  b  c
0  1  3  5
1  2  4  6