消除序列中的重复值，但保留其余项的顺序。使用通用发电机功能。

# for hashable sequence
def remove_duplicates(items):
    seen = set()
    for item in items:
        if item not in seen:
            yield item
            seen.add(item)

a = [1, 5, 2, 1, 9, 1, 5, 10]
list(remove_duplicates(a))
# [1, 5, 2, 9, 10]



# for unhashable sequence
def remove_duplicates(items, key=None):
    seen = set()
    for item in items:
        val = item if key is None else key(item)
        if val not in seen:
            yield item
            seen.add(val)

a = [ {'x': 1, 'y': 2}, {'x': 1, 'y': 3}, {'x': 1, 'y': 2}, {'x': 2, 'y': 4}]
list(remove_duplicates(a, key=lambda d: (d['x'],d['y'])))
# [{'x': 1, 'y': 2}, {'x': 1, 'y': 3}, {'x': 2, 'y': 4}]

5倍更快减少变种，但更复杂

>>> l = [5, 6, 6, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4]
>>> reduce(lambda r, v: v in r[1] and r or (r[0].append(v) or r[1].add(v)) or r, l, ([], set()))[0]
[5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4]

解释:

default = (list(), set())
# use list to keep order
# use set to make lookup faster

def reducer(result, item):
    if item not in result[1]:
        result[0].append(item)
        result[1].add(item)
    return result

>>> reduce(reducer, l, default)[0]
[5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4]

我觉得如果你想维持秩序，

你可以试试这个:

list1 = ['b','c','d','b','c','a','a']    
list2 = list(set(list1))    
list2.sort(key=list1.index)    
print list2

或者类似地，你可以这样做:

list1 = ['b','c','d','b','c','a','a']  
list2 = sorted(set(list1),key=list1.index)  
print list2 

你还可以这样做:

list1 = ['b','c','d','b','c','a','a']    
list2 = []    
for i in list1:    
    if not i in list2:  
        list2.append(i)`    
print list2

它也可以写成这样:

list1 = ['b','c','d','b','c','a','a']    
list2 = []    
[list2.append(i) for i in list1 if not i in list2]    
print list2 

这里有一些替代选项:http://www.peterbe.com/plog/uniqifiers-benchmark

最快的一个:

def f7(seq):
    seen = set()
    seen_add = seen.add
    return [x for x in seq if not (x in seen or seen_add(x))]

为什么要赋值。添加到seen_add而不是只调用see . Add ?Python是一种动态语言，解析可见。每次迭代添加比解析一个局部变量代价更大。观察。Add可能会在迭代之间发生更改，而运行时还不够聪明，无法排除这种情况。为了安全起见，它必须每次检查对象。

如果您计划在同一个数据集上大量使用这个函数，那么使用一个有序集可能会更好:http://code.activestate.com/recipes/528878/

O(1)每次操作的插入、删除和成员检查。

(小额外注意:see .add()总是返回None，所以以上值只是作为一种尝试更新集合的方式，而不是逻辑测试的组成部分。)

如果你经常使用pandas，并且美学优先于性能，那么考虑内置函数pandas. series .drop_duplicate:

    import pandas as pd
    import numpy as np

    uniquifier = lambda alist: pd.Series(alist).drop_duplicates().tolist()

    # from the chosen answer 
    def f7(seq):
        seen = set()
        seen_add = seen.add
        return [ x for x in seq if not (x in seen or seen_add(x))]

    alist = np.random.randint(low=0, high=1000, size=10000).tolist()

    print uniquifier(alist) == f7(alist)  # True

时间:

    In [104]: %timeit f7(alist)
    1000 loops, best of 3: 1.3 ms per loop
    In [110]: %timeit uniquifier(alist)
    100 loops, best of 3: 4.39 ms per loop

你可以做一个丑陋的列表理解黑客。

[l[i] for i in range(len(l)) if l.index(l[i]) == i]