StringBuilder is probably preferable. The reason is that it allocates more space than currently needed (you set the number of characters) to leave room for future appends. Then those future appends that fit in the current buffer don't require any memory allocation or garbage collection, which can be expensive. In general, I use StringBuilder for complex string concatentation or multiple formatting, then convert to a normal String when the data is complete, and I want an immutable object again.

为了澄清Gillian所说的4弦，如果你有这样的东西:

string a,b,c,d;
 a = b + c + d;

那么使用字符串和加号运算符会更快。这是因为(就像Eric指出的Java一样)，它在内部自动使用StringBuilder(实际上，它使用StringBuilder也使用的原语)

但是，如果你正在做的事情接近:

string a,b,c,d;
 a = a + b;
 a = a + c;
 a = a + d;

然后你需要显式地使用一个StringBuilder。. net在这里不会自动创建一个StringBuilder，因为这毫无意义。在每行的末尾，"a"必须是一个(不可变的)字符串，因此它必须在每行上创建和释放一个StringBuilder。为了提高速度，你需要使用相同的StringBuilder，直到你完成构建:

string a,b,c,d;
StringBuilder e = new StringBuilder();
 e.Append(b);
 e.Append(c);
 e.Append(d);
 a = e.ToString();

从内存的角度来看，StringBuilder的性能会更好。至于处理，执行时间的差异可以忽略不计。

StringBuilder明显更高效，但除非您进行大量的字符串修改，否则无法看到这种性能。

下面是给出性能示例的一小段代码。正如您所看到的，只有当您进入大型迭代时，您才真正开始看到主要的性能提升。

正如您所看到的，20万次迭代花费了22秒，而使用StringBuilder的100万次迭代几乎是瞬间完成的。

string s = string.Empty;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

Console.WriteLine("Beginning String + at " + DateTime.Now.ToString());

for (int i = 0; i <= 50000; i++)
{
    s = s + 'A';
}

Console.WriteLine("Finished String + at " + DateTime.Now.ToString());
Console.WriteLine();

Console.WriteLine("Beginning String + at " + DateTime.Now.ToString());

for (int i = 0; i <= 200000; i++)
{
    s = s + 'A';
}

Console.WriteLine("Finished String + at " + DateTime.Now.ToString());
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Beginning Sb append at " + DateTime.Now.ToString());

for (int i = 0; i <= 1000000; i++)
{
    sb.Append("A");
}
Console.WriteLine("Finished Sb append at " + DateTime.Now.ToString());

Console.ReadLine();

以上代码的结果:

开头字符串+在28/01/2013 16:55:40。 完成字符串+在28/01/2013 16:55:40。 开头字符串+在28/01/2013 16:55:40。 完成字符串+在28/01/2013 16:56:02。 开始Sb追加在28/01/2013 16:56:02。 完成Sb的追加在28/01/2013 16:56:02。

这个基准测试表明，当组合3个或更少字符串时，常规连接更快。

http://www.chinhdo.com/20070224/stringbuilder-is-not-always-faster/

StringBuilder可以在内存使用方面做出非常显著的改进，特别是在将500个字符串加在一起的情况下。

考虑下面的例子:

string buffer = "The numbers are: ";
for( int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
    buffer += i.ToString();
}
return buffer;

内存中发生了什么?创建以下字符串:

1 - "The numbers are: "
2 - "0"
3 - "The numbers are: 0"
4 - "1"
5 - "The numbers are: 01"
6 - "2"
7 - "The numbers are: 012"
8 - "3"
9 - "The numbers are: 0123"
10 - "4"
11 - "The numbers are: 01234"
12 - "5"
13 - "The numbers are: 012345"

通过将这5个数字加到字符串的末尾，我们创建了13个字符串对象!其中12个是无用的!哇!

StringBuilder fixes this problem. It is not a "mutable string" as we often hear (all strings in .NET are immutable). It works by keeping an internal buffer, an array of char. Calling Append() or AppendLine() adds the string to the empty space at the end of the char array; if the array is too small, it creates a new, larger array, and copies the buffer there. So in the example above, StringBuilder might only need a single array to contain all 5 additions to the string-- depending on the size of its buffer. You can tell StringBuilder how big its buffer should be in the constructor.

我相信StringBuilder更快，如果你有超过4个字符串，你需要附加在一起。此外，它可以做一些很酷的事情，如AppendLine。