对于一些不同的东西，这里有一个类型的“To English”转换，解构每个限定符、范围、参数等等，递归地构建描述类型的字符串，我认为“演绎这个”建议将有助于减少许多特殊化。无论如何，这是一个有趣的晨练，尽管过度膨胀。：）

struct X {
    using T = int *((*)[10]);
    T f(T, const unsigned long long * volatile * );
};

int main() {

    std::cout << describe<decltype(&X::f)>() << std::endl;
}

输出:

pointer to member function of class 1X taking (pointer to array[10]
of pointer to int, pointer to volatile pointer to const unsigned 
long long), and returning pointer to array[10] of pointer to int

代码如下: https://godbolt.org/z/7jKK4or43

注:最新版本在我的github: https://github.com/cuzdav/type_to_string

// Print types as strings, including functions, member 

#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <string>
#include <utility>

namespace detail {

template <typename T> struct Describe;

template <typename T, class ClassT> 
struct Describe<T (ClassT::*)>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ArgsT...)>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...)>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...)&>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const &>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile &>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) & noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile &>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const & noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile & noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile & noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) &&>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const &&>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile &&>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) && noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile &&>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const && noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile && noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
struct Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile && noexcept>  {
    static std::string describe();
};

template <typename T>
std::string describe()
{
    using namespace std::string_literals;
    auto terminal = [&](char const * desc) {
        return desc + " "s + typeid(T).name();
    };
    if constexpr(std::is_const_v<T>) {
        return "const " + describe<std::remove_const_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_volatile_v<T>) {
        return "volatile " + describe<std::remove_volatile_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<bool, T>) {
        return "bool";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<char, T>) {
        return "char";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<signed char, T>) {
        return "signed char";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<unsigned char, T>) {
        return "unsigned char";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_unsigned_v<T>) {
        return "unsigned " + describe<std::make_signed_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_void_v<T>) {
        return "void";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_integral_v<T>) {
        if constexpr(std::is_same_v<short, T>) 
            return "short";
        else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<int, T>) 
            return "int";
        else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<long, T>) 
            return "long";
        else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<long long, T>) 
            return "long long";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<float, T>) {
        return "float";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<double, T>) {
        return "double";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<long double, T>) {
        return "long double";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<std::nullptr_t, T>) { 
        return "nullptr_t";
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_class_v<T>) {
        return terminal("class");
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_union_v<T>) {
        return terminal("union");
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_enum_v<T>) {
        std::string result;
        if (!std::is_convertible_v<T, std::underlying_type_t<T>>) {
            result += "scoped ";
        }
        return result + terminal("enum");
    }  
    else if constexpr(std::is_pointer_v<T>) {
        return "pointer to " + describe<std::remove_pointer_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_lvalue_reference_v<T>) {
        return "lvalue-ref to " + describe<std::remove_reference_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_rvalue_reference_v<T>) {
        return "rvalue-ref to " + describe<std::remove_reference_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_bounded_array_v<T>) {
        return "array[" + std::to_string(std::extent_v<T>) + "] of " +
            describe<std::remove_extent_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_unbounded_array_v<T>) {
        return "array[] of " + describe<std::remove_extent_t<T>>();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_function_v<T>) {
        return Describe<T>::describe();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_member_object_pointer_v<T>) {
        return Describe<T>::describe();
    }
    else if constexpr(std::is_member_function_pointer_v<T>) {
        return Describe<T>::describe();
    }
}

template <typename RetT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ArgsT...)>::describe() {
    std::string result = "function taking (";
    ((result += detail::describe<ArgsT>(", ")), ...);
    return result + "), returning " + detail::describe<RetT>();
}

template <typename T, class ClassT> 
std::string Describe<T (ClassT::*)>::describe() {
    return "pointer to member of " + detail::describe<ClassT>() +
        " of type " + detail::describe<T>();
}

struct Comma {
    char const * sep = "";
    std::string operator()(std::string const& str) {
        return std::exchange(sep, ", ") + str;
    }
};
enum Qualifiers {NONE=0, CONST=1, VOLATILE=2, NOEXCEPT=4, LVREF=8, RVREF=16};

template <typename RetT, typename ClassT, typename... ArgsT>
std::string describeMemberPointer(Qualifiers q) {
    std::string result = "pointer to ";
    if (NONE != (q & CONST)) result += "const ";
    if (NONE != (q & VOLATILE)) result += "volatile ";
    if (NONE != (q & NOEXCEPT)) result += "noexcept ";
    if (NONE != (q & LVREF)) result += "lvalue-ref ";
    if (NONE != (q & RVREF)) result += "rvalue-ref ";
    result += "member function of " + detail::describe<ClassT>() + " taking (";
    Comma comma;
    ((result += comma(detail::describe<ArgsT>())), ...);
    return result + "), and returning " + detail::describe<RetT>();
}

template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...)>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(NONE);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(CONST);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(VOLATILE);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(VOLATILE | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(CONST | VOLATILE);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(CONST | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(CONST | VOLATILE | NOEXCEPT);
}

template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) &>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const &>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF | CONST);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) & noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile &>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF | VOLATILE);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile & noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF | VOLATILE | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile &>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF | CONST | VOLATILE);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const & noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF | CONST | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile & noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(LVREF | CONST | VOLATILE | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...)&&>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const &&>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF | CONST);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) && noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile &&>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF | VOLATILE);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) volatile && noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF | VOLATILE | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile &&>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF | CONST | VOLATILE);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const && noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF | CONST | NOEXCEPT);
}
template <typename RetT, class ClassT, typename... ArgsT> 
std::string Describe<RetT(ClassT::*)(ArgsT...) const volatile && noexcept>::describe() {
    return describeMemberPointer<RetT, ClassT, ArgsT...>(RVREF | CONST | VOLATILE | NOEXCEPT);
}

} // detail

///////////////////////////////////
// Main function
///////////////////////////////////
template <typename T>
std::string describe() {
    return detail::describe<T>();
}


///////////////////////////////////
// Sample code
///////////////////////////////////
#include <iostream>


struct X {
    using T = int *((*)[10]);
    T f(T, const unsigned long long * volatile * );
};

int main() {
    std::cout << describe<decltype(&X::f)>() << std::endl;
}

基于之前的一些答案，我做出了这个解决方案，它不将__PRETTY_FUNCTION__的结果存储在二进制文件中。它使用静态数组保存类型名称的字符串表示形式。

它需要c++ 23。

#include <iostream>
#include <string_view>
#include <array>

template <typename T>
constexpr auto type_name() {
    auto gen = [] <class R> () constexpr -> std::string_view  {
        return __PRETTY_FUNCTION__;
    };
    constexpr std::string_view search_type = "float";
    constexpr auto search_type_string = gen.template operator()<float>();
    constexpr auto prefix = search_type_string.find(search_type);
    constexpr auto suffix = search_type_string.size() - prefix - search_type.size();
    constexpr auto str = gen.template operator()<T>();
    constexpr int size = str.size() - prefix - suffix;
    constexpr auto static arr = [&]<std::size_t... I>(std::index_sequence<I...>) constexpr {
        return std::array<char, size>{str[prefix + I]...};
    } (std::make_index_sequence<size>{});

    return std::string_view(arr.data(), size);
}

#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
using namespace std;
#define show_type_name(_t) \
    system(("echo " + string(typeid(_t).name()) + " | c++filt -t").c_str())

int main() {
    auto a = {"one", "two", "three"};
    cout << "Type of a: " << typeid(a).name() << endl;
    cout << "Real type of a:\n";
    show_type_name(a);
    for (auto s : a) {
        if (string(s) == "one") {
            cout << "Type of s: " << typeid(s).name() << endl;
            cout << "Real type of s:\n";
            show_type_name(s);
        }
        cout << s << endl;
    }

    int i = 5;
    cout << "Type of i: " << typeid(i).name() << endl;
    cout << "Real type of i:\n";
    show_type_name(i);
    return 0;
}

输出:

Type of a: St16initializer_listIPKcE
Real type of a:
std::initializer_list<char const*>
Type of s: PKc
Real type of s:
char const*
one
two
three
Type of i: i
Real type of i:
int

正如Scott Meyers在《Effective Modern c++》中所解释的那样，

对std::type_info::name的调用不能保证返回任何有意义的东西。

最好的解决方案是让编译器在类型推断期间生成错误消息，例如:

template<typename T>
class TD;

int main(){
    const int theAnswer = 32;
    auto x = theAnswer;
    auto y = &theAnswer;
    TD<decltype(x)> xType;
    TD<decltype(y)> yType;
    return 0;
}

根据不同的编译器，结果会是这样的:

test4.cpp:10:21: error: aggregate ‘TD<int> xType’ has incomplete type and cannot be defined TD<decltype(x)> xType;

test4.cpp:11:21: error: aggregate ‘TD<const int *> yType’ has incomplete type and cannot be defined TD<decltype(y)> yType;

因此，我们知道x的类型是int, y的类型是const int*

复制这个答案:https://stackoverflow.com/a/56766138/11502722

我能够在c++ static_assert()中获得这一点。这里的问题是static_assert()只接受字符串字面量;Constexpr string_view将不起作用。你需要接受typename周围的额外文本，但它可以工作:

template<typename T>
constexpr void assertIfTestFailed()
{
#ifdef __clang__
    static_assert(testFn<T>(), "Test failed on this used type: " __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
    static_assert(testFn<T>(), "Test failed on this used type: " __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
    static_assert(testFn<T>(), "Test failed on this used type: " __FUNCSIG__);
#else
    static_assert(testFn<T>(), "Test failed on this used type (see surrounding logged error for details).");
#endif
    }
}

MSVC输出:

error C2338: Test failed on this used type: void __cdecl assertIfTestFailed<class BadType>(void)
... continued trace of where the erroring code came from ...

c++在编译时使用模板和运行时使用TypeId进行数据类型解析。

编译时解决方案。

template <std::size_t...Idxs>
constexpr auto substring_as_array(std::string_view str, std::index_sequence<Idxs...>)
{
  return std::array{str[Idxs]..., '\n'};
}

template <typename T>
constexpr auto type_name_array()
{
#if defined(__clang__)
  constexpr auto prefix   = std::string_view{"[T = "};
  constexpr auto suffix   = std::string_view{"]"};
  constexpr auto function = std::string_view{__PRETTY_FUNCTION__};
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
  constexpr auto prefix   = std::string_view{"with T = "};
  constexpr auto suffix   = std::string_view{"]"};
  constexpr auto function = std::string_view{__PRETTY_FUNCTION__};
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
  constexpr auto prefix   = std::string_view{"type_name_array<"};
  constexpr auto suffix   = std::string_view{">(void)"};
  constexpr auto function = std::string_view{__FUNCSIG__};
#else
# error Unsupported compiler
#endif

  constexpr auto start = function.find(prefix) + prefix.size();
  constexpr auto end = function.rfind(suffix);

  static_assert(start < end);

  constexpr auto name = function.substr(start, (end - start));
  return substring_as_array(name, std::make_index_sequence<name.size()>{});
}

template <typename T>
struct type_name_holder {
  static inline constexpr auto value = type_name_array<T>();
};

template <typename T>
constexpr auto type_name() -> std::string_view
{
  constexpr auto& value = type_name_holder<T>::value;
  return std::string_view{value.data(), value.size()};
}

运行时的解决方案。

template <typename T>
void PrintDataType(T type)
{
    auto name = typeid(type).name();
    string cmd_str = "echo '" + string(name) + "' | c++filt -t";
    system(cmd_str.c_str());
}

主要代码

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <string_view>
#include <array>   // std::array
#include <utility> // std::index_sequence
using std::string;

int main () ｛ / /动态分辨率。 std::map<int, int> iMap; PrintDataType (iMap); //编译类型解析。 std:: cout < < type_name < std::列表< int > > () < < std:: endl; 返回0; }

代码片段