这里有一个解决方案，使用k位额外的存储空间，没有任何聪明的技巧，只是简单。执行时间O (n)，额外空间O (k)。只是为了证明这个问题可以解决，而不需要先阅读解决方案或成为天才:

void puzzle (int* data, int n, bool* extra, int k)
{
    // data contains n distinct numbers from 1 to n + k, extra provides
    // space for k extra bits. 

    // Rearrange the array so there are (even) even numbers at the start
    // and (odd) odd numbers at the end.
    int even = 0, odd = 0;
    while (even + odd < n)
    {
        if (data [even] % 2 == 0) ++even;
        else if (data [n - 1 - odd] % 2 == 1) ++odd;
        else { int tmp = data [even]; data [even] = data [n - 1 - odd]; 
               data [n - 1 - odd] = tmp; ++even; ++odd; }
    }

    // Erase the lowest bits of all numbers and set the extra bits to 0.
    for (int i = even; i < n; ++i) data [i] -= 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) extra [i] = false;

    // Set a bit for every number that is present
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        int tmp = data [i];
        tmp -= (tmp % 2);
        if (i >= even) ++tmp;
        if (tmp <= n) data [tmp - 1] += 1; else extra [tmp - n - 1] = true;
    }

    // Print out the missing ones
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        if (data [i - 1] % 2 == 0) printf ("Number %d is missing\n", i);
    for (int i = n + 1; i <= n + k; ++i)
        if (! extra [i - n - 1]) printf ("Number %d is missing\n", i);

    // Restore the lowest bits again.
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        if (i < even) { if (data [i] % 2 != 0) data [i] -= 1; }
        else { if (data [i] % 2 == 0) data [i] += 1; }
    }
}

你可以试试布卢姆滤镜。将袋子中的每个数字插入到bloom中，然后遍历完整的1-k集，直到报告每个数字都没有找到。这可能不是在所有情况下都能找到答案，但可能是一个足够好的解决方案。

你能查一下每个号码是否都存在吗?如果是，你可以试试这个:

S =袋子中所有数字的和(S < 5050) Z =缺失数的和5050 - S

如果缺失的数字是x和y，则:

x = Z - y和 max(x) = Z - 1

所以你检查从1到max(x)的范围，并找到这个数字

假设一个ArrayList对象(myList)被这些数字填充，其中x和y两个数字缺失。所以可能的解决方案是:

int k = 1;
        while (k < 100) {
            if (!myList.contains(k)) {
                System.out.println("Missing No:" + k);
            }
            k++;
        }

免责声明:我已经读了这个问题好几天了，但我的知识超出了我对数学的理解。

我试着用set来解决它:

arr=[1,2,4,5,7,8,10] # missing 3,6,9
NMissing=3
arr_origin = list(range(1,arr[-1]+1))

for i in range(NMissing):
      arr.append(arr[-1]) ##### assuming you do not delete the last one

arr=set(arr)
arr_origin=set(arr_origin)
missing=arr_origin-arr # 3 6 9

    //sort
    int missingNum[2];//missing 2 numbers- can be applied to more than 2
    int j = 0;    
    for(int i = 0; i < length - 1; i++){
        if(arr[i+1] - arr[i] > 1 ) {
            missingNum[j] = arr[i] + 1;
            j++;
        }
    }