是的，我知道这个主题之前已经被讨论过了:
Python成语链(扁平化)有限迭代对象的无限迭代? 在Python中扁平化一个浅列表 理解平展一个序列的序列吗? 我如何从列表的列表中创建一个平面列表?
但据我所知，所有的解决方案，除了一个，在像[[[1,2,3]，[4,5]]，6]这样的列表上失败，其中期望的输出是[1,2,3,4,5,6](或者更好，一个迭代器)。
我看到的唯一解决方案，适用于任意嵌套是在这个问题:
def flatten(x):
result = []
for el in x:
if hasattr(el, "__iter__") and not isinstance(el, basestring):
result.extend(flatten(el))
else:
result.append(el)
return result
这是最好的方法吗?我是不是忽略了什么?任何问题吗?
当前回答
使用itertools.chain:
import itertools
from collections import Iterable
def list_flatten(lst):
flat_lst = []
for item in itertools.chain(lst):
if isinstance(item, Iterable):
item = list_flatten(item)
flat_lst.extend(item)
else:
flat_lst.append(item)
return flat_lst
或没有锁链的:
def flatten(q, final):
if not q:
return
if isinstance(q, list):
if not isinstance(q[0], list):
final.append(q[0])
else:
flatten(q[0], final)
flatten(q[1:], final)
else:
final.append(q)
其他回答
用Python 3迭代解决
此解决方案可用于除str和bytes以外的所有对象。
from collections import Iterable
from collections import Iterator
def flat_iter(obj):
stack = [obj]
while stack:
element = stack.pop()
if element and isinstance(element, Iterator):
stack.append(element)
try:
stack.append(next(element))
except StopIteration:
stack.pop()
elif isinstance(element, Iterable) and not isinstance(element, (str, bytes)):
stack.append(iter(element))
else:
yield element
tree_list = [[(1,2,3),(4,5,6, (7,8, 'next element is 5')), (5,6), [[[3,4,5],'foo1'],'foo2'],'foo3']]
not_iterable = 10
it1 = flat_iter(tree_list)
it2 = flat_iter(not_iterable)
print(list(it1))
print(list(it2))
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,下一个元素是5,5,6,3,4,5,‘foo1’,‘foo2’,‘foo3’) [10]
这是python2上flatten的一个简单实现
flatten=lambda l: reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,map(flatten,l),[]) if isinstance(l,list) else [l]
test=[[1,2,3,[3,4,5],[6,7,[8,9,[10,[11,[12,13,14]]]]]],]
print flatten(test)
#output [1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14]
def nested_list(depth):
l = [depth]
for i in range(depth-1, 0, -1):
l = [i, l]
return l
nested_list(10)
[1, [2, [3, [4, [5, [6, [7, [8, [9, [10]]]]]]]]]].
def Flatten(ul):
fl = []
for i in ul:
if type(i) is list:
fl += Flatten(i)
else:
fl += [i]
return fl
Flatten(nested_list(10))
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
基准测试
l = nested_list(100)
https://stackoverflow.com/a/2158532
import collections
def flatten(l):
for el in l:
if isinstance(el, collections.Iterable) and not isinstance(el, (str, bytes)):
yield from flatten(el)
else:
yield el
%%timeit -n 1000
list(flatten(l))
320µs±14.3µs / loop(平均±std. dev. 7次运行，每个循环1000次)
%%timeit -n 1000
Flatten(l)
60µs±10.2µs / loop(平均±std. dev. 7次运行，每个循环1000次)
list(flatten(l)) == Flatten(l)
真正的
没有递归或嵌套循环。几行。格式良好，易于阅读:
def flatten_deep(arr: list):
""" Flattens arbitrarily-nested list `arr` into single-dimensional. """
while arr:
if isinstance(arr[0], list): # Checks whether first element is a list
arr = arr[0] + arr[1:] # If so, flattens that first element one level
else:
yield arr.pop(0) # Otherwise yield as part of the flat array
flatten_deep(L)
从我自己的代码https://github.com/jorgeorpinel/flatten_nested_lists/blob/master/flatten.py
def flatten(xs):
res = []
def loop(ys):
for i in ys:
if isinstance(i, list):
loop(i)
else:
res.append(i)
loop(xs)
return res
