要分成两个以上的类，如训练、测试和验证，可以这样做:

probs = np.random.rand(len(df))
training_mask = probs < 0.7
test_mask = (probs>=0.7) & (probs < 0.85)
validatoin_mask = probs >= 0.85


df_training = df[training_mask]
df_test = df[test_mask]
df_validation = df[validatoin_mask]

这将把大约70%的数据用于训练，15%用于测试，15%用于验证。

import pandas as pd

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

datafile_name = 'path_to_data_file'

data = pd.read_csv(datafile_name)

target_attribute = data['column_name']

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(data, target_attribute, test_size=0.8)

你也可以考虑分层划分为训练集和测试集。设定划分也随机生成训练集和测试集，但保留了原始的类比例。这使得训练集和测试集更好地反映原始数据集的属性。

import numpy as np  

def get_train_test_inds(y,train_proportion=0.7):
    '''Generates indices, making random stratified split into training set and testing sets
    with proportions train_proportion and (1-train_proportion) of initial sample.
    y is any iterable indicating classes of each observation in the sample.
    Initial proportions of classes inside training and 
    testing sets are preserved (stratified sampling).
    '''

    y=np.array(y)
    train_inds = np.zeros(len(y),dtype=bool)
    test_inds = np.zeros(len(y),dtype=bool)
    values = np.unique(y)
    for value in values:
        value_inds = np.nonzero(y==value)[0]
        np.random.shuffle(value_inds)
        n = int(train_proportion*len(value_inds))

        train_inds[value_inds[:n]]=True
        test_inds[value_inds[n:]]=True

    return train_inds,test_inds

df[train_inds]和df[test_inds]为您提供原始DataFrame df的训练和测试集。

这是我在需要分割数据帧时所写的。我考虑过使用上面安迪的方法，但不喜欢我不能精确地控制数据集的大小(例如，有时是79，有时是81，等等)。

def make_sets(data_df, test_portion):
    import random as rnd

    tot_ix = range(len(data_df))
    test_ix = sort(rnd.sample(tot_ix, int(test_portion * len(data_df))))
    train_ix = list(set(tot_ix) ^ set(test_ix))

    test_df = data_df.ix[test_ix]
    train_df = data_df.ix[train_ix]

    return train_df, test_df


train_df, test_df = make_sets(data_df, 0.2)
test_df.head()

像这样从df中选择range row

row_count = df.shape[0]
split_point = int(row_count*1/5)
test_data, train_data = df[:split_point], df[split_point:]

熊猫随机抽样也可以

train=df.sample(frac=0.8,random_state=200)
test=df.drop(train.index)

对于相同的random_state值，您将始终在训练集和测试集中获得相同的确切数据。这带来了一定程度的可重复性，同时还随机分离训练和测试数据。