自动布局让我的生活很困难。从理论上讲,当我转换的时候,它会非常有用,但我似乎一直在与它作斗争。
我做了一个演示项目来寻求帮助。有人知道如何使视图之间的空间增加或减少均匀,每当视图调整大小?
下面是三个标签(手动垂直对齐):
我想要的是,当我旋转时,它们均匀地调整间距(而不是视图大小)。默认情况下,顶部和底部视图向中心挤压:
自动布局让我的生活很困难。从理论上讲,当我转换的时候,它会非常有用,但我似乎一直在与它作斗争。
我做了一个演示项目来寻求帮助。有人知道如何使视图之间的空间增加或减少均匀,每当视图调整大小?
下面是三个标签(手动垂直对齐):
我想要的是,当我旋转时,它们均匀地调整间距(而不是视图大小)。默认情况下,顶部和底部视图向中心挤压:
当前回答
这里还有另一个答案。我在回答一个类似的问题时看到了这个问题的链接。我没有看到任何与我类似的答案。所以我想写在这里。
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
setupViews()
}
var constraints: [NSLayoutConstraint] = []
func setupViews() {
let container1 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 1")
let container2 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 2")
let container3 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 3")
let container4 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 4")
view.addSubview(container1)
view.addSubview(container2)
view.addSubview(container3)
view.addSubview(container4)
[
// left right alignment
container1.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor, constant: 20),
container1.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor, constant: -20),
container2.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container2.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
container3.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container3.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
container4.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container4.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
// place containers one after another vertically
container1.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.topAnchor),
container2.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.bottomAnchor),
container3.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container2.bottomAnchor),
container4.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container3.bottomAnchor),
container4.bottomAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.bottomAnchor),
// container height constraints
container2.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor),
container3.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor),
container4.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor)
]
.forEach { $0.active = true }
}
func createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle title: String) -> UIView {
let view = UIView(frame: .zero)
view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
let button = UIButton(type: .System)
button.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)
view.addSubview(button)
[button.centerYAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.centerYAnchor),
button.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor),
button.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor)].forEach { $0.active = true }
return view
}
}
同样,这也可以用iOS9 UIStackViews很容易做到。
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.greenColor()
setupViews()
}
var constraints: [NSLayoutConstraint] = []
func setupViews() {
let container1 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 1")
let container2 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 2")
let container3 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 3")
let container4 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 4")
let stackView = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [container1, container2, container3, container4])
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
stackView.axis = .Vertical
stackView.distribution = .FillEqually
view.addSubview(stackView)
[stackView.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.topAnchor),
stackView.bottomAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.bottomAnchor),
stackView.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor, constant: 20),
stackView.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor, constant: -20)].forEach { $0.active = true }
}
func createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle title: String) -> UIView {
let button = UIButton(type: .Custom)
button.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
button.backgroundColor = UIColor.redColor()
button.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: .Normal)
button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)
let buttonContainer = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [button])
buttonContainer.distribution = .EqualCentering
buttonContainer.alignment = .Center
buttonContainer.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
return buttonContainer
}
}
注意,这与上面的方法完全相同。它添加了四个容器视图,这些视图都是均等填充的,每个堆栈视图都添加了一个视图,并在中间对齐。但是,这个版本的UIStackView减少了一些代码,看起来不错。
其他回答
基于Ben Dolman的回答,这将更均匀地分配视图(使用填充等):
+(NSArray *)constraintsForEvenDistributionOfItems:(NSArray *)views
relativeToCenterOfItem:(id)toView vertically:(BOOL)vertically
{
NSMutableArray *constraints = [NSMutableArray new];
NSLayoutAttribute attr = vertically ? NSLayoutAttributeCenterY : NSLayoutAttributeCenterX;
CGFloat min = 0.25;
CGFloat max = 1.75;
CGFloat d = (max-min) / ([views count] - 1);
for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < [views count]; i++) {
id view = views[i];
CGFloat multiplier = i * d + min;
NSLayoutConstraint *constraint = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:view
attribute:attr
relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual
toItem:toView
attribute:attr
multiplier:multiplier
constant:0];
[constraints addObject:constraint];
}
return constraints;
}
我知道距离第一个答案已经有一段时间了,但我刚刚遇到了同样的问题,我想分享我的解决方案。为了子孙后代……
我在viewDidLoad上设置了视图:
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
cancelButton = [UIButton buttonWithType: UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
cancelButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
[cancelButton setTitle:@"Cancel" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[self.view addSubview:cancelButton];
middleButton = [UIButton buttonWithType: UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
middleButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
[middleButton setTitle:@"Middle" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[self.view addSubview:middleButton];
nextButton = [UIButton buttonWithType: UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
nextButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
[nextButton setTitle:@"Next" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[self.view addSubview:nextButton];
[self.view setNeedsUpdateConstraints];
}
然后,在updateViewConstrains上,首先删除所有约束,然后创建视图字典,然后计算视图之间使用的空间。在那之后,我只是使用视觉语言格式设置约束:
- (void)updateViewConstraints {
[super updateViewConstraints];
[self.view removeConstraints:self.view.constraints];
NSDictionary *viewsDictionary = NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(cancelButton, nextButton, middleButton);
float distance=(self.view.bounds.size.width-cancelButton.intrinsicContentSize.width-nextButton.intrinsicContentSize.width-middleButton.intrinsicContentSize.width-20-20)/ ([viewsDictionary count]-1); // 2 times 20 counts for the left & rigth margins
NSNumber *distancies=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:distance];
// NSLog(@"Distancies: %@", distancies);
//
// NSLog(@"View Width: %f", self.view.bounds.size.width);
// NSLog(@"Cancel Width: %f", cancelButton.intrinsicContentSize.width);
// NSLog(@"Middle Width: %f", middleButton.intrinsicContentSize.width);
// NSLog(@"Next Width: %f", nextButton.intrinsicContentSize.width);
NSArray *constraints = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"|-[cancelButton]-dis-[middleButton]-dis-[nextButton]-|"
options:NSLayoutFormatAlignAllBaseline
metrics:@{@"dis":distancies}
views:viewsDictionary];
[self.view addConstraints:constraints];
constraints = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:[nextButton]-|"
options:0
metrics:nil
views:viewsDictionary];
[self.view addConstraints:constraints];
}
这种方法的好处是你只需要做很少的数学运算。我并不是说这是完美的解决方案,但我为我试图实现的布局工作。
我希望这能有所帮助。
在InterfaceBuilder中解决这个问题非常简单:
设置居中标签(label2)为“水平容器中心”和“垂直容器中心”
选择居中标签和顶部标签(label1 + label2),并为垂直间距添加两个约束。大于或等于最小间距的一个。小于或等于最大间距的一个。
中间的标签和底部的标签(label2 + label3)也是如此。
此外,您还可以添加两个约束label1 -顶部空间到SuperView和两个约束label2 -底部空间到SuperView。
结果是所有4个空格的大小变化相同。
这里还有另一个答案。我在回答一个类似的问题时看到了这个问题的链接。我没有看到任何与我类似的答案。所以我想写在这里。
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
setupViews()
}
var constraints: [NSLayoutConstraint] = []
func setupViews() {
let container1 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 1")
let container2 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 2")
let container3 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 3")
let container4 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 4")
view.addSubview(container1)
view.addSubview(container2)
view.addSubview(container3)
view.addSubview(container4)
[
// left right alignment
container1.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor, constant: 20),
container1.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor, constant: -20),
container2.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container2.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
container3.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container3.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
container4.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container4.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
// place containers one after another vertically
container1.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.topAnchor),
container2.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.bottomAnchor),
container3.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container2.bottomAnchor),
container4.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container3.bottomAnchor),
container4.bottomAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.bottomAnchor),
// container height constraints
container2.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor),
container3.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor),
container4.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor)
]
.forEach { $0.active = true }
}
func createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle title: String) -> UIView {
let view = UIView(frame: .zero)
view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
let button = UIButton(type: .System)
button.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)
view.addSubview(button)
[button.centerYAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.centerYAnchor),
button.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor),
button.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor)].forEach { $0.active = true }
return view
}
}
同样,这也可以用iOS9 UIStackViews很容易做到。
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.greenColor()
setupViews()
}
var constraints: [NSLayoutConstraint] = []
func setupViews() {
let container1 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 1")
let container2 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 2")
let container3 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 3")
let container4 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 4")
let stackView = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [container1, container2, container3, container4])
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
stackView.axis = .Vertical
stackView.distribution = .FillEqually
view.addSubview(stackView)
[stackView.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.topAnchor),
stackView.bottomAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.bottomAnchor),
stackView.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor, constant: 20),
stackView.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor, constant: -20)].forEach { $0.active = true }
}
func createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle title: String) -> UIView {
let button = UIButton(type: .Custom)
button.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
button.backgroundColor = UIColor.redColor()
button.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: .Normal)
button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)
let buttonContainer = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [button])
buttonContainer.distribution = .EqualCentering
buttonContainer.alignment = .Center
buttonContainer.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
return buttonContainer
}
}
注意,这与上面的方法完全相同。它添加了四个容器视图,这些视图都是均等填充的,每个堆栈视图都添加了一个视图,并在中间对齐。但是,这个版本的UIStackView减少了一些代码,看起来不错。
非常快速的接口构建器解决方案:
对于在一个父视图中均匀间隔的任意数量的视图,简单地给每个水平布局的“对齐中心X到父视图”约束,或垂直布局的“对齐中心Y父视图”,并设置乘数为N:p(注意:有些人有更好的运气p:N -见下文)
在哪里
N =总视图数,和
P =包含空格的视图的位置
第一个位置是1,然后是一个空格,使得下一个位置是3,所以p变成了一个序列[1,3,5,7,9,…]。适用于任何数量的视图。
如果你有3个视图来分隔,它看起来是这样的:
编辑注意:N:p或p:N的选择取决于对齐约束的关系顺序。如果“第一项”是Superview。中心,你可以使用p:N,而如果Superview。中心是“第二项”,你可以用N:p。如果有疑问,可以两种都试一试。: -)