解决这个问题的一个简单方法是在while循环中包装try/catch并维护一个计数。通过这种方式，您可以根据其他变量检查计数，同时维护故障日志，从而防止出现无限循环。这不是最精致的解决方案，但它是可行的。

使用do-while设计重试块。

boolean successful = false;
int maxTries = 3;
do{
  try {
    something();
    success = true;
  } catch(Me ifUCan) {
    maxTries--;
  }
} while (!successful || maxTries > 0)

强制性的“企业级”解决方案:

public abstract class Operation {
    abstract public void doIt();
    public void handleException(Exception cause) {
        //default impl: do nothing, log the exception, etc.
    }
}

public class OperationHelper {
    public static void doWithRetry(int maxAttempts, Operation operation) {
        for (int count = 0; count < maxAttempts; count++) {
            try {
                operation.doIt();
                count = maxAttempts; //don't retry
            } catch (Exception e) {
                operation.handleException(e);
            }
        }
    }
}

并呼吁:

OperationHelper.doWithRetry(5, new Operation() {
    @Override public void doIt() {
        //do some stuff
    }
    @Override public void handleException(Exception cause) {
        //recover from the Exception
    }
});

通常，最好的设计取决于特定的环境。通常我会这样写:

for (int retries = 0;; retries++) {
    try {
        return doSomething();
    } catch (SomeException e) {
        if (retries < 6) {
            continue;
        } else {
            throw e;
        }
    }
}

我不确定这是否是“专业”的方式来做这件事，我不完全确定它是否适用于所有事情。

boolean gotError = false;

do {
    try {
        // Code You're Trying
    } catch ( FileNotFoundException ex ) {
        // Exception
        gotError = true;
    }
} while ( gotError = true );

这是一个老问题，但解决方案仍然重要。以下是我在Java 8中不使用任何第三方库的通用解决方案:

public interface RetryConsumer<T> {
    T evaluate() throws Throwable;
}
public interface RetryPredicate<T> {
    boolean shouldRetry(T t);
}
public class RetryOperation<T> {
    private RetryConsumer<T> retryConsumer;
    private int noOfRetry;
    private int delayInterval;
    private TimeUnit timeUnit;
    private RetryPredicate<T> retryPredicate;
    private List<Class<? extends Throwable>> exceptionList;

    public static class OperationBuilder<T> {
        private RetryConsumer<T> iRetryConsumer;
        private int iNoOfRetry;
        private int iDelayInterval;
        private TimeUnit iTimeUnit;
        private RetryPredicate<T> iRetryPredicate;
        private Class<? extends Throwable>[] exceptionClasses;

        private OperationBuilder() {
        }

        public OperationBuilder<T> retryConsumer(final RetryConsumer<T> retryConsumer) {
            this.iRetryConsumer = retryConsumer;
            return this;
        }

        public OperationBuilder<T> noOfRetry(final int noOfRetry) {
            this.iNoOfRetry = noOfRetry;
            return this;
        }

        public OperationBuilder<T> delayInterval(final int delayInterval, final TimeUnit timeUnit) {
            this.iDelayInterval = delayInterval;
            this.iTimeUnit = timeUnit;
            return this;
        }

        public OperationBuilder<T> retryPredicate(final RetryPredicate<T> retryPredicate) {
            this.iRetryPredicate = retryPredicate;
            return this;
        }

        @SafeVarargs
        public final OperationBuilder<T> retryOn(final Class<? extends Throwable>... exceptionClasses) {
            this.exceptionClasses = exceptionClasses;
            return this;
        }

        public RetryOperation<T> build() {
            if (Objects.isNull(iRetryConsumer)) {
                throw new RuntimeException("'#retryConsumer:RetryConsumer<T>' not set");
            }

            List<Class<? extends Throwable>> exceptionList = new ArrayList<>();
            if (Objects.nonNull(exceptionClasses) && exceptionClasses.length > 0) {
                exceptionList = Arrays.asList(exceptionClasses);
            }
            iNoOfRetry = iNoOfRetry == 0 ? 1 : 0;
            iTimeUnit = Objects.isNull(iTimeUnit) ? TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS : iTimeUnit;
            return new RetryOperation<>(iRetryConsumer, iNoOfRetry, iDelayInterval, iTimeUnit, iRetryPredicate, exceptionList);
        }
    }

    public static <T> OperationBuilder<T> newBuilder() {
        return new OperationBuilder<>();
    }

    private RetryOperation(RetryConsumer<T> retryConsumer, int noOfRetry, int delayInterval, TimeUnit timeUnit,
                           RetryPredicate<T> retryPredicate, List<Class<? extends Throwable>> exceptionList) {
        this.retryConsumer = retryConsumer;
        this.noOfRetry = noOfRetry;
        this.delayInterval = delayInterval;
        this.timeUnit = timeUnit;
        this.retryPredicate = retryPredicate;
        this.exceptionList = exceptionList;
    }

    public T retry() throws Throwable {
        T result = null;
        int retries = 0;
        while (retries < noOfRetry) {
            try {
                result = retryConsumer.evaluate();
                if (Objects.nonNull(retryPredicate)) {
                    boolean shouldItRetry = retryPredicate.shouldRetry(result);
                    if (shouldItRetry) {
                        retries = increaseRetryCountAndSleep(retries);
                    } else {
                        return result;
                    }
                } else {
                    // no retry condition defined, no exception thrown. This is the desired result.
                    return result;
                }
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                retries = handleException(retries, e);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    private int handleException(int retries, Throwable e) throws Throwable {
        if (exceptionList.contains(e.getClass()) || (exceptionList.isEmpty())) {
            // exception is excepted, continue retry.
            retries = increaseRetryCountAndSleep(retries);
            if (retries == noOfRetry) {
                // evaluation is throwing exception, no more retry left. Throw it.
                throw e;
            }
        } else {
            // unexpected exception, no retry required. Throw it.
            throw e;
        }
        return retries;
    }

    private int increaseRetryCountAndSleep(int retries) {
        retries++;
        if (retries < noOfRetry && delayInterval > 0) {
            try {
                timeUnit.sleep(delayInterval);
            } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
        return retries;
    }
}

让我们有一个这样的测试用例:

@Test
public void withPredicateAndException() {
    AtomicInteger integer = new AtomicInteger();
    try {
        Integer result = RetryOperation.<Integer>newBuilder()
                .retryConsumer(() -> {
                    int i = integer.incrementAndGet();
                    if (i % 2 == 1) {
                        throw new NumberFormatException("Very odd exception");
                    } else {
                        return i;
                    }
                })
                .noOfRetry(10)
                .delayInterval(10, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
                .retryPredicate(value -> value <= 6)
                .retryOn(NumberFormatException.class, EOFException.class)
                .build()
                .retry();
        Assert.assertEquals(8, result.intValue());
    } catch (Throwable throwable) {
        Assert.fail();
    }
}