Python允许从给定基数的字符串中轻松创建一个整数
int(str, base).
我想执行相反的操作:从一个整数创建一个字符串， 例如，我想要一些函数int2base(num, base)，这样:
int(int2base(x, b), b) == x
函数名/参数的顺序并不重要。
对于int()将接受的任何以b为底的数字x。
这是一个很容易写的函数:事实上，它比在这个问题中描述它更容易。然而，我觉得我一定是错过了什么。
我知道函数bin, oct, hex，但我不能使用它们的几个原因:
这些函数在旧版本的Python中不可用，我需要与(2.2)兼容 我想要一个通解对于不同的碱都可以用同样的方式表示 我想允许2 8 16以外的底数
相关的
Python优雅的int(string, base)逆函数 在python中使用递归的整数到base-x系统 Python中的Base 62转换 如何在Python中将整数转换为最短的url安全字符串?
当前回答
def dec_to_radix(input, to_radix=2, power=None):
if not isinstance(input, int):
raise TypeError('Not an integer!')
elif power is None:
power = 1
if input == 0:
return 0
else:
remainder = input % to_radix**power
digit = str(int(remainder/to_radix**(power-1)))
return int(str(dec_to_radix(input-remainder, to_radix, power+1)) + digit)
def radix_to_dec(input, from_radix):
if not isinstance(input, int):
raise TypeError('Not an integer!')
return sum(int(digit)*(from_radix**power) for power, digit in enumerate(str(input)[::-1]))
def radix_to_radix(input, from_radix=10, to_radix=2, power=None):
dec = radix_to_dec(input, from_radix)
return dec_to_radix(dec, to_radix, power)
其他回答
def base_conversion(num, base):
digits = []
while num > 0:
num, remainder = divmod(num, base)
digits.append(remainder)
return digits[::-1]
>>> import string
>>> def int2base(integer, base):
if not integer: return '0'
sign = 1 if integer > 0 else -1
alphanum = string.digits + string.ascii_lowercase
nums = alphanum[:base]
res = ''
integer *= sign
while integer:
integer, mod = divmod(integer, base)
res += nums[mod]
return ('' if sign == 1 else '-') + res[::-1]
>>> int2base(-15645, 23)
'-16d5'
>>> int2base(213, 21)
'a3'
"{0:b}".format(100) # bin: 1100100
"{0:x}".format(100) # hex: 64
"{0:o}".format(100) # oct: 144
一个递归的解决方案。当然，这对负二进制值不起作用。您需要实现Two's Complement。
def generateBase36Alphabet():
return ''.join([str(i) for i in range(10)]+[chr(i+65) for i in range(26)])
def generateAlphabet(base):
return generateBase36Alphabet()[:base]
def intToStr(n, base, alphabet):
def toStr(n, base, alphabet):
return alphabet[n] if n < base else toStr(n//base,base,alphabet) + alphabet[n%base]
return ('-' if n < 0 else '') + toStr(abs(n), base, alphabet)
print('{} -> {}'.format(-31, intToStr(-31, 16, generateAlphabet(16)))) # -31 -> -1F
我让函数这样做。在windows 10, python 3.7.3上运行良好。
def number_to_base(number, base, precision = 10):
if number == 0:
return [0]
positive = number >= 0
number = abs(number)
ints = [] # store the integer bases
floats = [] # store the floating bases
float_point = number % 1
number = int(number)
while number:
ints.append(int(number%base))
number //= base
ints.reverse()
while float_point and precision:
precision -= 1
float_point *= base
floats.append(int(float_point))
float_point = float_point - int(float_point)
return ints, floats, positive
def base_to_str(bases, string="0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"):
"""bases is a two dimension list, where bases[0] contains a list of the integers,
and bases[1] contains a list of the floating numbers, bases[2] is a boolean, that's
true when it's a positive number
"""
ints = []
floats = []
for i in bases[0]:
ints.append(string[i])
for i in bases[1]:
floats.append(string[i])
if len(bases[1]) > 0:
return (["-", ""][bases[2]] + "".join(ints)) + "." + ("".join(floats))
else:
return (["-", ""][bases[2]] + "".join(ints))
例子:
>>> base_to_str(number_to_base(-6.252, 2))
'-110.0100000010'
