我写了一个简单的函数来使用静态变量:

def Static():
    ### get the func object by which Static() is called.
    from inspect import currentframe, getframeinfo
    caller = currentframe().f_back
    func_name = getframeinfo(caller)[2]
    # print(func_name)
    caller = caller.f_back
    func = caller.f_locals.get(
        func_name, caller.f_globals.get(
            func_name
        )
    )
    
    class StaticVars:
        def has(self, varName):
            return hasattr(self, varName)
        def declare(self, varName, value):
            if not self.has(varName):
                setattr(self, varName, value)

    if hasattr(func, "staticVars"):
        return func.staticVars
    else:
        # add an attribute to func
        func.staticVars = StaticVars()
        return func.staticVars

使用方法:

def myfunc(arg):
    if Static().has('test1'):
        Static().test += 1
    else:
        Static().test = 1
    print(Static().test)

    # declare() only takes effect in the first time for each static variable.
    Static().declare('test2', 1)
    print(Static().test2)
    Static().test2 += 1

全局声明提供此功能。在下面的例子中(python 3.5或更高版本使用“f”)，counter变量在函数外部定义。在函数中将其定义为全局的，意味着函数外部的“全局”版本应该对函数可用。所以每次函数运行时，它都会修改函数外部的值，在函数外部保留它。

counter = 0

def foo():
    global counter
    counter += 1
    print("counter is {}".format(counter))

foo() #output: "counter is 1"
foo() #output: "counter is 2"
foo() #output: "counter is 3"

在尝试了几种方法后，我最终使用了@warvariuc的答案的改进版本:

import types

def func(_static=types.SimpleNamespace(counter=0)):
    _static.counter += 1
    print(_static.counter)

_counter = 0
def foo():
   global _counter
   _counter += 1
   print 'counter is', _counter

Python习惯上使用下划线来表示私有变量。在C语言中，在函数内部声明静态变量的唯一原因是将它隐藏在函数之外，这并不是真正的Python惯用方法。

我个人更喜欢下面的装饰。各有各的。

def staticize(name, factory):
    """Makes a pseudo-static variable in calling function.

    If name `name` exists in calling function, return it. 
    Otherwise, saves return value of `factory()` in 
    name `name` of calling function and return it.

    :param name: name to use to store static object 
    in calling function
    :type name: String
    :param factory: used to initialize name `name` 
    in calling function
    :type factory: function
    :rtype: `type(factory())`

    >>> def steveholt(z):
    ...     a = staticize('a', list)
    ...     a.append(z)
    >>> steveholt.a
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: 'function' object has no attribute 'a'
    >>> steveholt(1)
    >>> steveholt.a
    [1]
    >>> steveholt('a')
    >>> steveholt.a
    [1, 'a']
    >>> steveholt.a = []
    >>> steveholt.a
    []
    >>> steveholt('zzz')
    >>> steveholt.a
    ['zzz']

    """
    from inspect import stack
    # get scope enclosing calling function
    calling_fn_scope = stack()[2][0]
    # get calling function
    calling_fn_name = stack()[1][3]
    calling_fn = calling_fn_scope.f_locals[calling_fn_name]
    if not hasattr(calling_fn, name):
        setattr(calling_fn, name, factory())
    return getattr(calling_fn, name)

我写了一个简单的函数来使用静态变量:

def Static():
    ### get the func object by which Static() is called.
    from inspect import currentframe, getframeinfo
    caller = currentframe().f_back
    func_name = getframeinfo(caller)[2]
    # print(func_name)
    caller = caller.f_back
    func = caller.f_locals.get(
        func_name, caller.f_globals.get(
            func_name
        )
    )
    
    class StaticVars:
        def has(self, varName):
            return hasattr(self, varName)
        def declare(self, varName, value):
            if not self.has(varName):
                setattr(self, varName, value)

    if hasattr(func, "staticVars"):
        return func.staticVars
    else:
        # add an attribute to func
        func.staticVars = StaticVars()
        return func.staticVars

使用方法:

def myfunc(arg):
    if Static().has('test1'):
        Static().test += 1
    else:
        Static().test = 1
    print(Static().test)

    # declare() only takes effect in the first time for each static variable.
    Static().declare('test2', 1)
    print(Static().test2)
    Static().test2 += 1