您可以通过版本命令行查看版本约束

$ version ">=1.0, <2.0" "1.7"
$ go version | version ">=1.9"

Bash脚本示例:

#!/bin/bash

if `version -b ">=9.0.0" "$(gcc --version)"`; then
  echo "gcc version satisfies constraints >=9.0.0"
else
  echo "gcc version doesn't satisfies constraints >=9.0.0"
fi

这里有一个支持修订的纯Bash解决方案(例如。“1.0-r1”)，答案是基于丹尼斯·威廉姆森(Dennis Williamson)发布的答案。可以很容易地修改它以支持'-RC1'之类的东西，或者通过更改正则表达式从更复杂的字符串中提取版本。

有关实现的详细信息，请参考代码内注释和/或启用包含的调试代码:

#!/bin/bash

# Compare two version strings [$1: version string 1 (v1), $2: version string 2 (v2)]
# Return values:
#   0: v1 == v2
#   1: v1 > v2
#   2: v1 < v2
# Based on: https://stackoverflow.com/a/4025065 by Dennis Williamson
function compare_versions() {

    # Trivial v1 == v2 test based on string comparison
    [[ "$1" == "$2" ]] && return 0

    # Local variables
    local regex="^(.*)-r([0-9]*)$" va1=() vr1=0 va2=() vr2=0 len i IFS="."

    # Split version strings into arrays, extract trailing revisions
    if [[ "$1" =~ ${regex} ]]; then
        va1=(${BASH_REMATCH[1]})
        [[ -n "${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" ]] && vr1=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}
    else
        va1=($1)
    fi
    if [[ "$2" =~ ${regex} ]]; then
        va2=(${BASH_REMATCH[1]})
        [[ -n "${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" ]] && vr2=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}
    else
        va2=($2)
    fi

    # Bring va1 and va2 to same length by filling empty fields with zeros
    (( ${#va1[@]} > ${#va2[@]} )) && len=${#va1[@]} || len=${#va2[@]}
    for ((i=0; i < len; ++i)); do
        [[ -z "${va1[i]}" ]] && va1[i]="0"
        [[ -z "${va2[i]}" ]] && va2[i]="0"
    done

    # Append revisions, increment length
    va1+=($vr1)
    va2+=($vr2)
    len=$((len+1))

    # *** DEBUG ***
    #echo "TEST: '${va1[@]} (?) ${va2[@]}'"

    # Compare version elements, check if v1 > v2 or v1 < v2
    for ((i=0; i < len; ++i)); do
        if (( 10#${va1[i]} > 10#${va2[i]} )); then
            return 1
        elif (( 10#${va1[i]} < 10#${va2[i]} )); then
            return 2
        fi
    done

    # All elements are equal, thus v1 == v2
    return 0
}


# ---------- everything below this line is just for testing ----------


# Test compare_versions [$1: version string 1, $2: version string 2, $3: expected result]
function test_compare_versions() {
    local op
    compare_versions "$1" "$2"
    case $? in
        0) op="==" ;;
        1) op=">" ;;
        2) op="<" ;;
    esac
    if [[ "$op" == "$3" ]]; then
        echo -e "\e[1;32mPASS: '$1 $op $2'\e[0m"
    else
        echo -e "\e[1;31mFAIL: '$1 $3 $2' (result: '$1 $op $2')\e[0m"
    fi
}

echo -e "\nThe following tests should pass:"
while read -r test; do
    test_compare_versions $test
done << EOF
1            1            ==
2.1          2.2          <
3.0.4.10     3.0.4.2      >
4.08         4.08.01      <
3.2.1.9.8144 3.2          >
3.2          3.2.1.9.8144 <
1.2          2.1          <
2.1          1.2          >
5.6.7        5.6.7        ==
1.01.1       1.1.1        ==
1.1.1        1.01.1       ==
1            1.0          ==
1.0          1            ==
1.0.2.0      1.0.2        ==
1..0         1.0          ==
1.0          1..0         ==
1.0-r1       1.0-r3       <
1.0-r9       2.0          <
3.0-r15      3.0-r9       >
...-r1       ...-r2       <
2.0-r1       1.9.8.21-r2  >
1.0          3.8.9.32-r   <
-r           -r3          <
-r3          -r           >
-r3          -r3          ==
-r           -r           ==
0.0-r2       0.0.0.0-r2   ==
1.0.0.0-r2   1.0-r2       ==
0.0.0.1-r7   -r9          >
0.0-r0       0            ==
1.002.0-r6   1.2.0-r7     <
001.001-r2   1.1-r2       ==
5.6.1-r0     5.6.1        ==
EOF

echo -e "\nThe following tests should fail:"
while read -r test; do
    test_compare_versions $test
done << EOF
1            1            >
3.0.5-r5     3..5-r5      >
4.9.21-r3    4.8.22-r9    <
1.0-r        1.0-r1       ==
-r           1.0-r        >
-r1          0.0-r1       <
-r2          0-r2         <
EOF

另一种方法(@joynes的修改版本)比较问题中问到的虚线版本 (即“1.2”、“2.3.4”、“1.0”、“1.10.1”等)。 最大数量的位置必须事先知道。该方法期望最多3个版本位置。

expr $(printf "$1\n$2" | sort -t '.' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -g | sed -n 2p) != $2

使用示例:

expr $(printf "1.10.1\n1.7" | sort -t '.' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -g | sed -n 2p) != "1.7"

返回:1，因为1.10.1大于1.7

expr $(printf "1.10.1\n1.11" | sort -t '.' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -g | sed -n 2p) != "1.11"

返回:0，因为1.10.1比1.11低

我希望这对某些人有用(使用awk)

  #!/bin/bash

  available_version=1.2.3 # or online version
  this_version=1.2.1

  if [[ "ok" == "$(echo | awk "(${available_version} > ${this_version}) { print \"ok\"; }")" ]]; then
    echo "Notice, new version is available"
  elif [[ "ok" == "$(echo | awk "(${available_version} == ${this_version}) { print \"ok\"; }")" ]]; then
    echo "OK, version is up to date"
  else
    echo "Warning, the current version is ahead of the online version!"
  fi

### the answer is does we second argument is higher
function _ver_higher {
        ver=`echo -ne "$1\n$2" |sort -Vr |head -n1`
        if [ "$2" == "$1" ]; then
                return 1
        elif [ "$2" == "$ver" ]; then
                return 0
        else
                return 1
        fi
}

if _ver_higher $1 $2; then
        echo higher
else
        echo same or less
fi

它非常简单和小。

你们都给出了复杂的解决方案。这里有一个更简单的例子。

function compare_versions {
    local a=${1%%.*} b=${2%%.*}
    [[ "10#${a:-0}" -gt "10#${b:-0}" ]] && return 1
    [[ "10#${a:-0}" -lt "10#${b:-0}" ]] && return 2
    a=${1:${#a} + 1} b=${2:${#b} + 1}
    [[ -z $a && -z $b ]] || compare_versions "$a" "$b"
}

用法:compare_versions <ver_a> <ver_b>

返回代码1表示第一个版本大于第二个版本，2表示小于第二个版本，0表示两者相等。

也是一个非递归的版本:

function compare_versions {
    local a=$1 b=$2 x y

    while [[ $a || $b ]]; do
        x=${a%%.*} y=${b%%.*}
        [[ "10#${x:-0}" -gt "10#${y:-0}" ]] && return 1
        [[ "10#${x:-0}" -lt "10#${y:-0}" ]] && return 2
        a=${a:${#x} + 1} b=${b:${#y} + 1}
    done

    return 0
}