最近Stack Overflow上有一群讨厌perl的人,所以我想我应该把我的“关于你最喜欢的语言你讨厌的五件事”的问题带到Stack Overflow上。拿你最喜欢的语言来说,告诉我你讨厌它的五件事。这些可能只是让你烦恼的事情,承认的设计缺陷,公认的性能问题,或任何其他类别。你只需要讨厌它,它必须是你最喜欢的语言。
不要拿它和其他语言比较,也不要谈论你已经讨厌的语言。不要用你最喜欢的语言谈论你喜欢的事情。我只是想听到你讨厌但能容忍的东西,这样你就可以使用所有其他的东西,我想听到你希望别人使用的语言。
每当有人试图把他们最喜欢的语言强加给我时,我就会问这个问题,有时是面试问题。如果有人找不出他最喜欢的工具的5个缺点,那他对它还不够了解,不能提倡它,也不能利用它赚大钱。他还没有在足够多的不同情况下使用它来充分探索它。他把它作为一种文化或宗教来倡导,这意味着如果我不选择他最喜欢的技术,我就错了。
我不在乎你用什么语言。不想使用特定的语言?那就不要。你通过尽职调查做出了明智的选择,但仍然没有使用它?好吧。有时正确的答案是“你有一个强大的编程团队,有良好的实践和丰富的Bar经验。改成Foo是愚蠢的。”
This is a good question for code reviews too. People who really know a codebase will have all sorts of suggestions for it, and those who don't know it so well have non-specific complaints. I ask things like "If you could start over on this project, what would you do differently?" In this fantasy land, users and programmers get to complain about anything and everything they don't like. "I want a better interface", "I want to separate the model from the view", "I'd use this module instead of this other one", "I'd rename this set of methods", or whatever they really don't like about the current situation. That's how I get a handle on how much a particular developer knows about the codebase. It's also a clue about how much of the programmer's ego is tied up in what he's telling me.
憎恨并不是衡量人们了解多少的唯一尺度,但我发现它是一个相当不错的尺度。他们讨厌的事情也让我知道他们对这个话题的思考有多好。
C++:
1:头文件。
链接代码比编译代码更难。同样,模板在翻译单元中包含完整源代码的要求也是荒谬的。在那边的那个文件里。你两秒钟前编译的那个。去那里看看。愚蠢的编译器。
2:空标准库。
我的意思是,是的,在c++ 0x中有std::thread,但没有std::socket或任何类似的东西。没有跨平台代码的主要原因是,您必须为希望在多个平台上执行的每个函数学习一个新的库。没有作为标准提供的OS头文件或OS函数,c++只适合推位。
3:没有多次返回或返回值重载
Double x, int y, char z = func();和void func(double x, int y, char z)一样有效;请。没有返回值重载的唯一原因是我们“可能”编写了模棱两可的代码。可能!请在我真正写出模棱两可的代码时给我悲伤,而不是之前。
4:不反思
可以将反射设置为编译时反射。的确如此。没有任何库使得编写大量的库变得困难,并且严重地惹恼了我。我可以滥用预处理器,但是..
5:在模板上鸭子打字
Yaargh。请,概念和正确的模板错误消息。使用Boost这样的库实际上是不可能的,因为如果你用错了,你就是在瞎猜。
Python:
No standard GUI toolkit (the community goes round and round about this but never seems to settle on anything).
The evolution of tools and methods to distribute and install Python apps and libraries has been, well, rocky. (Although lately this seems to be moving closer to getting fixed.)
CPython is still slow as interpreters go (although PyPy is looking pretty good these days, if it becomes the "standard" Python this problem goes away).
You can't subclass built-in classes (e.g., list and dict) without overriding a lot of methods, even if all you want to do is a simple hook into an event (e.g., to hook into an item being added to or removed from the list, you need to override delitem, append, extend, insert, pop, and remove--there's no subclassable "change" event notification, nor any "protected" methods that factor out common code used by all the above methods).
Up until virtualenv was invented, keeping separate Python environments for different purposes on one machine was a real pain.
下面是关于Perl 5的更多内容,来自创建了大量Perl模块,特别是在Moose上工作过的人的观点。
The horrible brokenness that is overloading and tied variables. Both of these features are a failed attempt to allow transparent extension to the built-in types.
They both fail in various ways, and require module authors like myself to either implement horrible hacks to support them, or to say "never pass an overloaded object to the foo() method". Neither alternative is really acceptable.
Lack of proper hooks into the compilation process and the meta-model. Moose in general, and role usage in particular, could be made much safer if the Perl core allowed us to affect the compilation process via a sane API that allowed us to hook into the meta-model (packages, classes, etc.)
Lack of named parameters built into the language. Instead, everyone reinvents this. It's annoying.
Similarly, lack of optional types. I don't want a static language, but the ability to specify types and constraints, particularly on function/method parameters, would be great. Perl 6 gets this right. Types are optional, but very rich, and there's no fundamental difference between built-in and user-defined types.
The backwards compatibility police. This is more of a cultural issue. A number of the above issues can never really be fixed, since Perl 5 has a very strong commitment to backwards compatibility. So even if something were to be added that effectively replaced the current ball of shit that is tie and overloading, those features will never be removed. Of course, backwards compatibility is also one of Perl 5's greatest strengths.
Bonus hate: Perl's built-in exception mechanism is a joke. The fact that exceptions may be a string or object makes for an eternity of fiddly exception-catching code, and the lack of a catch in the language syntax is the wart on the wart.