有一种方法可以让Android在不执行任何方法的情况下保存状态。只需将此行添加到“活动”声明中的清单：

android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize"

应该是这样的：

<activity
    android:name=".activities.MyActivity"
    android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize">
</activity>

在这里您可以找到有关此属性的更多信息。

建议让Android为您处理，而不是手动处理。

savedInstanceState仅用于保存与“活动”的当前实例相关联的状态，例如当前导航或选择信息，这样，如果Android破坏并重新创建“活动”，它就可以恢复原样。请参阅onCreate和onSaveInstanceState的文档

对于更长寿命的状态，请考虑使用SQLite数据库、文件或首选项。请参阅保存持久状态。

Kotlin代码：

保存：

override fun onSaveInstanceState(outState: Bundle) {
    super.onSaveInstanceState(outState.apply {
        putInt("intKey", 1)
        putString("stringKey", "String Value")
        putParcelable("parcelableKey", parcelableObject)
    })
}

然后在onCreate（）或onRestoreInstanceState（）中

    val restoredInt = savedInstanceState?.getInt("intKey") ?: 1 //default int
    val restoredString = savedInstanceState?.getString("stringKey") ?: "default string"
    val restoredParcelable = savedInstanceState?.getParcelable<ParcelableClass>("parcelableKey") ?: ParcelableClass() //default parcelable

如果不想有Optionals，请添加默认值

您需要重写onSaveInstanceState（Bundle savedInstanceState），并将要更改的应用程序状态值写入Bundle参数，如下所示：

@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
  // Save UI state changes to the savedInstanceState.
  // This bundle will be passed to onCreate if the process is
  // killed and restarted.
  savedInstanceState.putBoolean("MyBoolean", true);
  savedInstanceState.putDouble("myDouble", 1.9);
  savedInstanceState.putInt("MyInt", 1);
  savedInstanceState.putString("MyString", "Welcome back to Android");
  // etc.
}

Bundle本质上是一种存储NVP（“名称-值对”）映射的方法，它将被传递到onCreate（）和onRestoreInstanceState（），然后在那里您可以从如下活动中提取值：

@Override
public void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
  // Restore UI state from the savedInstanceState.
  // This bundle has also been passed to onCreate.
  boolean myBoolean = savedInstanceState.getBoolean("MyBoolean");
  double myDouble = savedInstanceState.getDouble("myDouble");
  int myInt = savedInstanceState.getInt("MyInt");
  String myString = savedInstanceState.getString("MyString");
}

或者从碎片中提取。

@Override
public void onViewStateRestored(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onViewStateRestored(savedInstanceState);
    // Restore UI state from the savedInstanceState.
    // This bundle has also been passed to onCreate.
    boolean myBoolean = savedInstanceState.getBoolean("MyBoolean");
    double myDouble = savedInstanceState.getDouble("myDouble");
    int myInt = savedInstanceState.getInt("MyInt");
    String myString = savedInstanceState.getString("MyString");
}

您通常会使用此技术来存储应用程序的实例值（选择、未保存的文本等）。

科特林

必须重写onSaveInstanceState和onRestoreInstanceState以存储和检索要持久化的变量

生命周期图

存储变量

public override fun onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState: Bundle) {
    super.onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState)

    // prepare variables here
    savedInstanceState.putInt("kInt", 10)
    savedInstanceState.putBoolean("kBool", true)
    savedInstanceState.putDouble("kDouble", 4.5)
    savedInstanceState.putString("kString", "Hello Kotlin")
}

检索变量

public override fun onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState: Bundle) {
    super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState)

    val myInt = savedInstanceState.getInt("kInt")
    val myBoolean = savedInstanceState.getBoolean("kBool")
    val myDouble = savedInstanceState.getDouble("kDouble")
    val myString = savedInstanceState.getString("kString")
    // use variables here
}

相反，您应该使用ViewModel，它将在活动生命周期之前保留数据。