你用const能做到什么程度?你只是在必要的时候才把函数变成const，还是从头到尾到处都用它?例如，想象一个简单的变异子，它接受一个布尔参数:
void SetValue(const bool b) { my_val_ = b; }
这个const真的有用吗?就我个人而言，我选择广泛地使用它，包括参数，但在这种情况下，我想知道它是否值得?
我还惊讶地发现，你可以在函数声明中的形参中省略const，但可以在函数定义中包含它，例如:
. h文件
void func(int n, long l);
. cpp文件
void func(const int n, const long l)
这有什么原因吗?这对我来说有点不寻常。
当前回答
我说const你的值形参。
考虑这个bug函数:
bool isZero(int number)
{
if (number = 0) // whoops, should be number == 0
return true;
else
return false;
}
如果number形参是const，编译器将停止并警告我们这个错误。
其他回答
If the parameter is passed by value (and is not a reference), usually there is not much difference whether the parameter is declared as const or not (unless it contains a reference member -- not a problem for built-in types). If the parameter is a reference or pointer, it is usually better to protect the referenced/pointed-to memory, not the pointer itself (I think you cannot make the reference itself const, not that it matters much as you cannot change the referee). It seems a good idea to protect everything you can as const. You can omit it without fear of making a mistake if the parameters are just PODs (including built-in types) and there is no chance of them changing further along the road (e.g. in your example the bool parameter).
I didn't know about the .h/.cpp file declaration difference, but it does make some sense. At the machine code level, nothing is "const", so if you declare a function (in the .h) as non-const, the code is the same as if you declare it as const (optimizations aside). However, it helps you to enlist the compiler that you will not change the value of the variable inside the implementation of the function (.ccp). It might come handy in the case when you're inheriting from an interface that allows change, but you don't need to change to parameter to achieve the required functionality.
总结:
通常情况下，const的值传递是无用的，最多是误导。从GOTW006 但是您可以像处理变量一样在.cpp中添加它们。 注意，标准库不使用const。例如std::vector::at(size_type pos)。对标准库来说足够好的东西对我来说也是好的。
我不会把const放在形参上——每个人都知道布尔值(而不是布尔&)是常量，所以添加它会让人们认为“等等，什么?”或者甚至认为你是通过引用传递形参的。
我说const你的值形参。
考虑这个bug函数:
bool isZero(int number)
{
if (number = 0) // whoops, should be number == 0
return true;
else
return false;
}
如果number形参是const，编译器将停止并警告我们这个错误。
May be this wont be a valid argument. but if we increment the value of a const variable inside a function compiler will give us an error: "error: increment of read-only parameter". so that means we can use const key word as a way to prevent accidentally modifying our variables inside functions(which we are not supposed to/read-only). so if we accidentally did it at the compile time compiler will let us know that. this is specially important if you are not the only one who is working on this project.
