我试图创建一个通用扩展，使用'TryParse'来检查字符串是否为给定类型:
public static bool Is<T>(this string input)
{
T notUsed;
return T.TryParse(input, out notUsed);
}
这将无法编译，因为它无法解析符号TryParse
据我所知，“TryParse”不是任何接口的一部分。
这有可能吗?
更新:
使用以下我想出的答案:
public static bool Is<T>(this string input)
{
try
{
TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(typeof(T)).ConvertFromString(input);
}
catch
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
它工作得很好，但我认为以这种方式使用异常对我来说不合适。
更新2:
修改为传递类型而不是使用泛型:
public static bool Is(this string input, Type targetType)
{
try
{
TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(targetType).ConvertFromString(input);
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
有点晚了，但这是我想到的。无异常，一次性(每种类型)反射。
public static class Extensions {
public static T? ParseAs<T>(this string str) where T : struct {
T val;
return GenericHelper<T>.TryParse(str, out val) ? val : default(T?);
}
public static T ParseAs<T>(this string str, T defaultVal) {
T val;
return GenericHelper<T>.TryParse(str, out val) ? val : defaultVal;
}
private static class GenericHelper<T> {
public delegate bool TryParseFunc(string str, out T result);
private static TryParseFunc tryParse;
public static TryParseFunc TryParse {
get {
if (tryParse == null)
tryParse = Delegate.CreateDelegate(
typeof(TryParseFunc), typeof(T), "TryParse") as TryParseFunc;
return tryParse;
}
}
}
}
额外的类是必需的，因为泛型类中不允许使用扩展方法。这允许简单的使用，如下所示，并且只在第一次使用类型时命中反射。
"5643".ParseAs<int>()
我使用Charlie Brown的答案作为Json.NET的JObject扩展方法。
public static class JObjectExtension
{
public delegate bool TryParseHandler<T>(string value, out T result);
public static bool TryParsePropertyAs<T>(
this JObject jObject,
string propertyName,
TryParseHandler<T> parser,
out T value)
{
value = default;
if (!jObject.TryGetValue(propertyName, out var jToken)) return false;
if (!parser(jToken.Value<string>(), out T result)) return false;
value = result;
return true;
}
}
借用自http://blogs.msdn.com/b/davidebb/archive/2009/10/23/using-c-dynamic-to-call-static-members.aspx
当遵循这个参考:如何调用静态方法在c# 4.0与动态类型?
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Dynamic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
namespace Utils
{
public class StaticMembersDynamicWrapper : DynamicObject
{
private Type _type;
public StaticMembersDynamicWrapper(Type type) { _type = type; }
// Handle static methods
public override bool TryInvokeMember(InvokeMemberBinder binder, object[] args, out object result)
{
var methods = _type
.GetMethods(BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public)
.Where(methodInfo => methodInfo.Name == binder.Name);
var method = methods.FirstOrDefault();
if (method != null)
{
result = method.Invoke(null, args);
return true;
}
result = null;
return false;
}
}
public static class StaticMembersDynamicWrapperExtensions
{
static Dictionary<Type, DynamicObject> cache =
new Dictionary<Type, DynamicObject>
{
{typeof(double), new StaticMembersDynamicWrapper(typeof(double))},
{typeof(float), new StaticMembersDynamicWrapper(typeof(float))},
{typeof(uint), new StaticMembersDynamicWrapper(typeof(uint))},
{typeof(int), new StaticMembersDynamicWrapper(typeof(int))},
{typeof(sbyte), new StaticMembersDynamicWrapper(typeof(sbyte))}
};
/// <summary>
/// Allows access to static fields, properties, and methods, resolved at run-time.
/// </summary>
public static dynamic StaticMembers(this Type type)
{
DynamicObject retVal;
if (!cache.TryGetValue(type, out retVal))
return new StaticMembersDynamicWrapper(type);
return retVal;
}
}
}
使用方法如下:
public static T? ParseNumeric<T>(this string str, bool throws = true)
where T : struct
{
var statics = typeof(T).StaticMembers();
if (throws) return statics.Parse(str);
T retval;
if (!statics.TryParse(str, out retval)) return null;
return retval;
}
利用上面的信息，这就是我开发的东西。它将直接转换对象是可能的，否则它将把对象转换为字符串并调用所需对象类型的TryParse方法。
我将每个方法都缓存在字典中，以减少方法获取负载。
可以测试对象是否可以直接转换为目标类型，这将进一步减少字符串转换部分。但我先不讲这个。
/// <summary>
/// Used to store TryParse converter methods
/// </summary>
private static readonly Dictionary<Type, MethodInfo> TypeConverters = new Dictionary<Type, MethodInfo>();
/// <summary>
/// Attempt to parse the input object to the output type
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">output type</typeparam>
/// <param name="obj">input object</param>
/// <param name="result">output result on success, default(T) on failure</param>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
public static bool TryParse<T>([CanBeNull] object obj, out T result)
{
result = default(T);
try
{
switch (obj)
{
// don't waste time on null objects
case null: return false;
// if the object is already of type T, just return the value
case T val:
result = val;
return true;
}
// convert the object into type T via string conversion
var input = ((obj as string) ?? obj.ToString()).Trim();
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input)) return false;
var type = typeof (T);
Debug.WriteLine($"Info: {nameof(TryParse)}<{type.Name}>({obj.GetType().Name}=\"{input}\")");
if (! TypeConverters.TryGetValue(type, out var method))
{
// get the TryParse method for this type
method = type.GetMethod("TryParse",
new[]
{
typeof (string),
Type.GetType($"{type.FullName}&")
});
if (method is null)
Debug.WriteLine($"FAILED: Cannot get method for {type.Name}.TryParse()");
// store it so we don't have to do this again
TypeConverters.Add(type, method);
}
// have to keep a reference to parameters if you want to get the returned ref value
var parameters = new object[] {input, null};
if ((bool?) method?.Invoke(null, parameters) == true)
{
result = (T) parameters[1];
return true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex);
}
return false;
}
