我试图创建一个通用扩展,使用'TryParse'来检查字符串是否为给定类型:
public static bool Is<T>(this string input)
{
T notUsed;
return T.TryParse(input, out notUsed);
}
这将无法编译,因为它无法解析符号TryParse
据我所知,“TryParse”不是任何接口的一部分。
这有可能吗?
更新:
使用以下我想出的答案:
public static bool Is<T>(this string input)
{
try
{
TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(typeof(T)).ConvertFromString(input);
}
catch
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
它工作得很好,但我认为以这种方式使用异常对我来说不合适。
更新2:
修改为传递类型而不是使用泛型:
public static bool Is(this string input, Type targetType)
{
try
{
TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(targetType).ConvertFromString(input);
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
有点晚了,但这是我想到的。无异常,一次性(每种类型)反射。
public static class Extensions {
public static T? ParseAs<T>(this string str) where T : struct {
T val;
return GenericHelper<T>.TryParse(str, out val) ? val : default(T?);
}
public static T ParseAs<T>(this string str, T defaultVal) {
T val;
return GenericHelper<T>.TryParse(str, out val) ? val : defaultVal;
}
private static class GenericHelper<T> {
public delegate bool TryParseFunc(string str, out T result);
private static TryParseFunc tryParse;
public static TryParseFunc TryParse {
get {
if (tryParse == null)
tryParse = Delegate.CreateDelegate(
typeof(TryParseFunc), typeof(T), "TryParse") as TryParseFunc;
return tryParse;
}
}
}
}
额外的类是必需的,因为泛型类中不允许使用扩展方法。这允许简单的使用,如下所示,并且只在第一次使用类型时命中反射。
"5643".ParseAs<int>()
我使用Charlie Brown的答案作为Json.NET的JObject扩展方法。
public static class JObjectExtension
{
public delegate bool TryParseHandler<T>(string value, out T result);
public static bool TryParsePropertyAs<T>(
this JObject jObject,
string propertyName,
TryParseHandler<T> parser,
out T value)
{
value = default;
if (!jObject.TryGetValue(propertyName, out var jToken)) return false;
if (!parser(jToken.Value<string>(), out T result)) return false;
value = result;
return true;
}
}
利用上面的信息,这就是我开发的东西。它将直接转换对象是可能的,否则它将把对象转换为字符串并调用所需对象类型的TryParse方法。
我将每个方法都缓存在字典中,以减少方法获取负载。
可以测试对象是否可以直接转换为目标类型,这将进一步减少字符串转换部分。但我先不讲这个。
/// <summary>
/// Used to store TryParse converter methods
/// </summary>
private static readonly Dictionary<Type, MethodInfo> TypeConverters = new Dictionary<Type, MethodInfo>();
/// <summary>
/// Attempt to parse the input object to the output type
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">output type</typeparam>
/// <param name="obj">input object</param>
/// <param name="result">output result on success, default(T) on failure</param>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
public static bool TryParse<T>([CanBeNull] object obj, out T result)
{
result = default(T);
try
{
switch (obj)
{
// don't waste time on null objects
case null: return false;
// if the object is already of type T, just return the value
case T val:
result = val;
return true;
}
// convert the object into type T via string conversion
var input = ((obj as string) ?? obj.ToString()).Trim();
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input)) return false;
var type = typeof (T);
Debug.WriteLine($"Info: {nameof(TryParse)}<{type.Name}>({obj.GetType().Name}=\"{input}\")");
if (! TypeConverters.TryGetValue(type, out var method))
{
// get the TryParse method for this type
method = type.GetMethod("TryParse",
new[]
{
typeof (string),
Type.GetType($"{type.FullName}&")
});
if (method is null)
Debug.WriteLine($"FAILED: Cannot get method for {type.Name}.TryParse()");
// store it so we don't have to do this again
TypeConverters.Add(type, method);
}
// have to keep a reference to parameters if you want to get the returned ref value
var parameters = new object[] {input, null};
if ((bool?) method?.Invoke(null, parameters) == true)
{
result = (T) parameters[1];
return true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex);
}
return false;
}
像这样的怎么样?
http://madskristensen.net/post/Universal-data-type-checker.aspx(存档)
/// <summary>
/// Checks the specified value to see if it can be
/// converted into the specified type.
/// <remarks>
/// The method supports all the primitive types of the CLR
/// such as int, boolean, double, guid etc. as well as other
/// simple types like Color and Unit and custom enum types.
/// </remarks>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value to check.</param>
/// <param name="type">The type that the value will be checked against.</param>
/// <returns>True if the value can convert to the given type, otherwise false. </returns>
public static bool CanConvert(string value, Type type)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) || type == null) return false;
System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter conv = System.ComponentModel.TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(type);
if (conv.CanConvertFrom(typeof(string)))
{
try
{
conv.ConvertFrom(value);
return true;
}
catch
{
}
}
return false;
}
这可以很容易地转换为泛型方法。
public static bool Is<T>(this string value)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)) return false;
var conv = System.ComponentModel.TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(typeof(T));
if (conv.CanConvertFrom(typeof(string)))
{
try
{
conv.ConvertFrom(value);
return true;
}
catch
{
}
}
return false;
}