enum Suit: String {
    case spades = "♠"
    case hearts = "♥"
    case diamonds = "♦"
    case clubs = "♣"
}

例如,我怎么做这样的事情:

for suit in Suit {
    // do something with suit
    print(suit.rawValue)
}

结果示例:

♠
♥
♦
♣

当前回答

如果您仍然想为Rank和Suit使用枚举,这里有一个不那么神秘的例子。如果您想使用for-in循环遍历每个对象,只需将它们收集到一个Array中。

标准52张牌的例子:

enum Rank: Int {
    case Ace = 1, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Jack, Queen, King
    func name() -> String {
        switch self {
        case .Ace:
            return "ace"
        case .Jack:
            return "jack"
        case .Queen:
            return "queen"
        case .King:
            return "king"
        default:
            return String(self.toRaw())
        }
    }
}

enum Suit: Int {
    case Diamonds = 1, Clubs, Hearts, Spades
    func name() -> String {
        switch self {
        case .Diamonds:
            return "diamonds"
        case .Clubs:
            return "clubs"
        case .Hearts:
            return "hearts"
        case .Spades:
            return "spades"
        default:
            return "NOT A VALID SUIT"
        }
    }
}

let Ranks = [
    Rank.Ace,
    Rank.Two,
    Rank.Three,
    Rank.Four,
    Rank.Five,
    Rank.Six,
    Rank.Seven,
    Rank.Eight,
    Rank.Nine,
    Rank.Ten,
    Rank.Jack,
    Rank.Queen,
    Rank.King
]

let Suits = [
    Suit.Diamonds,
    Suit.Clubs,
    Suit.Hearts,
    Suit.Spades
]


class Card {
    var rank: Rank
    var suit: Suit

    init(rank: Rank, suit: Suit) {
        self.rank = rank
        self.suit = suit
    }
}

class Deck {
    var cards = Card[]()

    init() {
        for rank in Ranks {
            for suit in Suits {
                cards.append(Card(rank: rank, suit: suit))
            }
        }
    }
}

var myDeck = Deck()
myDeck.cards.count  // => 52

其他回答

更新代码:Swift 4.2/Swift 5

enum Suit: String, CaseIterable {
   case spades = "♠"
   case hearts = "♥"
   case diamonds = "♦"
   case clubs = "♣"
}

按问题访问输出:

for suitKey in Suit.allCases {
    print(suitKey.rawValue)
}

输出:

♠
♥
♦
♣

CaseIterable:提供其所有值的集合。 符合CaseIterable协议的类型通常是没有关联值的枚举。当使用CaseIterable类型时,您可以通过使用该类型的allCases属性访问该类型的所有案例的集合。

对于访问case,我们使用。allcases。更多信息请点击https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/caseiterable

我发现自己在代码中经常使用. allvalues。我终于找到了一种方法来简单地遵循Iteratable协议并拥有一个rawValues()方法。

protocol Iteratable {}
extension RawRepresentable where Self: RawRepresentable {

    static func iterateEnum<T: Hashable>(_: T.Type) -> AnyIterator<T> {
        var i = 0
        return AnyIterator {
            let next = withUnsafePointer(to: &i) {
                $0.withMemoryRebound(to: T.self, capacity: 1) { $0.pointee }
            }
            if next.hashValue != i { return nil }
            i += 1
            return next
        }
    }
}

extension Iteratable where Self: RawRepresentable, Self: Hashable {
    static func hashValues() -> AnyIterator<Self> {
        return iterateEnum(self)
    }

    static func rawValues() -> [Self.RawValue] {
        return hashValues().map({$0.rawValue})
    }
}


// Example
enum Grocery: String, Iteratable {
    case Kroger = "kroger"
    case HEB = "h.e.b."
    case Randalls = "randalls"
}

let groceryHashes = Grocery.hashValues() // AnyIterator<Grocery>
let groceryRawValues = Grocery.rawValues() // ["kroger", "h.e.b.", "randalls"]

它花了我一点,而不仅仅是一个方法在结构像swift书调用,但我在枚举中设置了下一个函数。我会使用一个协议,我不知道为什么,但有秩设置为int混乱。

enum Rank: Int {
    case Ace = 1
    case Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten
    case Jack, Queen, King
    func simpleDescription() -> String {
        switch self {
        case .Ace:
            return "ace"
        case .Jack:
            return "jack"
        case .Queen:
            return "Queen"
        case .King:
            return "King"
        default:
            return String(self.toRaw())
        }
    }
    mutating func next() -> Rank {
        var rank = self
        var rawrank = rank.toRaw()
        var nrank: Rank = self
        rawrank = rawrank + 1
        if let newRank = Rank.fromRaw(rawrank) {
            println("\(newRank.simpleDescription())")
            nrank = newRank
        } else {
            return self
        }
        return nrank
    }
}

enum Suit {
    case Spades, Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs
    func color() -> String {
        switch self {
        case .Spades, .Clubs:
            return "black"
        default:
            return "red"
        }
    }
    func simpleDescription() -> String {
        switch self {
        case .Spades:
            return "spades"
        case .Hearts:
            return "hearts"
        case .Diamonds:
            return "diamonds"
        case .Clubs:
            return "clubs"
        }
    }
    mutating func next() -> Suit {
        switch self {
        case .Spades:
            return Hearts
        case .Hearts:
            return Diamonds
        case .Diamonds:
            return Clubs
        case .Clubs:
            return Spades
        }
    }
}

struct Card {
    var rank: Rank
    var suit: Suit
    func deck() -> Card[] {
        var tRank = self.rank
        var tSuit = self.suit
        let tcards = 52 // we start from 0
        var cards: Card[] = []
        for i in 0..tcards {
            var card = Card(rank: tRank, suit: tSuit)
            cards.append(card)
            tRank = tRank.next()
            tSuit = tSuit.next()
        }
        return cards
    }
    func simpleDescription() -> String {
        return "The \(rank.simpleDescription()) of \(suit.simpleDescription())"
    }
}

var card = Card(rank: .Ace, suit: .Spades)
var deck = card.deck()

我使用了一些常识,但这可以通过将花色乘以等级来轻松纠正(如果你没有使用标准的桥牌,你必须相应地改变枚举,如果基本上只是通过不同的枚举进行步骤)。为了节省时间,我使用了ranks rawValues,如果你愿意,你也可以为西装做同样的事情。然而,这个例子没有它,所以我决定在不改变suit rawValue的情况下找出它

以下是我的建议。这不是完全令人满意的(我对Swift和OOP很陌生!),但也许有人可以改进它。这个想法是让每个枚举提供自己的范围信息作为.first和.last属性。它只向每个枚举添加了两行代码:仍然有点硬编码,但至少它没有复制整个集合。它确实需要将Suit enum修改为Int类型,就像Rank enum一样,而不是无类型的。

而不是重复整个解决方案,下面是我添加到。在case语句之后的某个地方(Suit enum类似):

var first: Int { return Ace.toRaw() }
var last: Int { return King.toRaw() }

以及我用来将deck构建为String数组的循环。(问题定义没有说明牌组是如何构造的。)

func createDeck() -> [String] {
    var deck: [String] = []
    var card: String
    for r in Rank.Ace.first...Rank.Ace.last {
        for s in Suit.Hearts.first...Suit.Hearts.last {
            card = Rank.simpleDescription( Rank.fromRaw(r)!)() + " of " + Suit.simpleDescription( Suit.fromRaw(s)!)()
           deck.append( card)
       }
    }
    return deck
}

这并不令人满意,因为属性与元素而不是enum相关联。但它确实为“for”循环增加了清晰度。我希望它是Rank。而不是Rank.Ace.first。它适用于任何元素,但很难看。有人能演示一下如何将其提升到enum级别吗?

为了使它工作,我从Card结构中提取了createDeck方法。我不知道如何从该结构返回一个[String]数组,这似乎是一个糟糕的地方,把这样的方法无论如何。

(改进Karthik Kumar的回答)

这个解决方案是使用编译器来保证你不会错过一个case。

enum Suit: String {
    case spades = "♠"
    case hearts = "♥"
    case diamonds = "♦"
    case clubs = "♣"

    static var enumerate: [Suit] {
        switch Suit.spades {
        // make sure the two lines are identical ^_^
        case        .spades, .hearts, .diamonds, .clubs:
            return [.spades, .hearts, .diamonds, .clubs]
        }
    }
}